tate transaction
ever had in Minnesota, I will set it out in full.

"To Jonathan Carver, a Chief under the Most Mighty and Potent
George the Third, King of the English and other nations, the
fame of whose warriors has reached our ears, and has been fully
told us by our _good brother Jonathan_ aforesaid, whom we all
rejoice to have come among us and bring us good news from his
country:

"WE, Chiefs of the Nandowessies, who have hereunto set our
seals, do, by these presents, for ourselves and heirs forever,
in return for the aid and good services done by the said
Jonathan to ourselves and allies, give, grant and convey to him,
the said Jonathan, and to his heirs and assigns forever, the
whole of a certain Territory or tract of land, bounded as
follows, viz.: From the Falls of St. Anthony, running on east
bank of the Mississippi, nearly southeast as far as Lake Pepin,
where the Chippewa joins the Mississippi, and from thence
eastward five days' travel accounting twenty English miles per
day, and from thence again to the Falls of St. Anthony on a
direct straight line. We do for ourselves, heirs and assigns,
forever give unto said Jonathan, his heirs and assigns, with all
the trees, rocks and rivers therein, reserving the sole liberty
of hunting and fishing on land not planted or improved by the
said Jonathan, his heirs and assigns, to which we have affixed
our respective seals.

"At the Great Cave, May 1st, 1767.
(Signed) "HAWNOPAWJATIN,
"OTOHTONGOONLISHEAW."

This alleged instrument bears upon its face many marks of suspicion, and
was very properly rejected by General Leavenworth, who, in 1821, made a
report of his investigations in regard to it to the commissioner of the
general land office.

The war between the Chippewas and the Dakotas continued to rage with
varied success, as it has since time immemorial. It was a bitter, cruel
war, waged against the race and blood, and each successive slaughter
only increased the hatred and heaped fuel upon the fire. As an Indian
never forgives the killing of a relative, and as the particular
murderer, as a general thing, was not known on either side, each death
was charged up to the tribe. These wars, although constant, had very
little influence on the standing or progress of the country, except so
far as they may have proved detrimental or beneficial t