informed treatises attacking evolution.
Huxley gave a lucid account of the general structure and arrangement
of the brain in the vertebrate series, explaining the well-known fact
that from fish up to man the general ground-plan of the brain is
identical, but that there is a progressive increase in the complexity
and in the size of some parts compared with others. Next, he showed
that, so far from its being possible to erect any barrier in the
structure of the brain between man and the apes, there exists among
the mammals an almost complete series of gradations from brains a
little higher than that of the rabbit to brains a little lower than
that of man. He laid great stress on

"the remarkable circumstance that though, so far as our present
knowledge extends, there _is_ one structural break in the series
of forms of simian brains, this hiatus does not lie between man
and the man-like apes, but between the lower and the lowest
simians; or, in other words, between the old-and new-world apes
and monkeys, and the lemurs. Every lemur which has yet been
examined, in fact, has its cerebellum partially visible from
above, and its posterior lobe, with the contained posterior cornu
and hippocampus minor, more or less rudimentary. Every marmoset,
American monkey, old-world monkey, baboon, or man-like ape, on
the contrary, has its cerebellum entirely hidden, posteriorly, by
the cerebral lobes, and possesses a large posterior cornu, with a
well-developed hippocampus minor." ... "So far from the posterior
lobe, the posterior cornu, and the hippocampus minor being
structures peculiar to, and characteristic of man, as they have
over and over again been asserted to be, even after the
publication of the clearest demonstration of the reverse, it is
precisely these structures which are the most marked cerebral
characters common to man with the apes. They are among the most
distinctly simian peculiarities which the human organism
exhibits." ... "Man differs from the chimpanzee or the orang, so
far as cerebral structure goes, less than these do from the
monkeys, and the difference between the brains of the chimpanzee
and of man is almost insignificant, when compared with that
between the chimpanzee brain and that of a lemur."

Although Huxley found no structural differences between the brains of
man and of anthropoid