most intelligent of the quadrupeds. We may cite some instances
of these higher powers. Vosmaern had a tame female orang-outang that
was able to untie the most intricate knot with fingers or teeth, and
took such pleasure in doing it that she regularly untied the shoes of
those who came near her. The female chimpanzee called Sally, that
lived for many years in the Zooelogical Society's Gardens in London,
was taught by its keeper and by Romanes an interesting variety of
"tricks" involving at least the rudiments of what may be called human
intelligence. Among other feats, it would pick up from the floor and
present to the keeper or to a visitor, a stated number of straws up to
five. Many monkeys seem nearly purely destructive in their dealings
with objects within their reach; but Leutemann tells of an
orang-outang which "tried to put to its proper use whatever was given
to him. To my great surprise he attempted to put on a pair of gloves.
He supported himself on a light walking cane and, when it bent under
him, made ridiculous motions to right it again." Brehm tells of a
chimpanzee:

"After eating, he at once begins to clean up. He holds a stick of
wood in front of him, or puts his hands in his master's slippers,
and slides about the room, then takes a cloth and scrubs the
floor. Scouring, sweeping, and dusting are his favourite
occupations; and, when he once gets hold of the cloth, he never
wants to give it up."

Falkenstein has given a detailed description of a gorilla which was
remarkable for his delicacy in eating.

"He would take a cup or glass with the greatest care, using both
hands to carry it to his mouth, and setting it down so carefully
that I do not remember having lost a single piece of crockery
through him, though we had never tried to teach him the use of
such vessels, wishing to bring him to Europe as nearly in his
natural condition as possible."

These and a multitude of similar observations which have been made
since Huxley wrote are typical of the increase of our knowledge on the
habits and capacities of the anthropoid apes. They all serve to show
that in them the instinct for experimental investigation of
everything with which they are surrounded, and their imitative
faculties are peculiarly great. The importance of this, from the point
of view of Huxley's argument, is great. The difference between the
instincts of the lower animals and th