The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Boss and the Machine, by Samuel P. Orth

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Title: The Boss and the Machine

Author: Samuel P. Orth

Editor: Allen Johnson

Posting Date: January 17, 2009 [EBook #3040]
Release Date: January, 2002

Language: English

Character set encoding: ASCII

*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE BOSS AND THE MACHINE ***

Produced by The James J. Kelly Library of St. Gregory's
University, and Alev Akman

THE BOSS AND THE MACHINE,

A CHRONICLE OF THE POLITICIANS AND PARTY ORGANIZATION

By Samuel P. Orth

CONTENTS

I. THE RISE OF THE PARTY
II. THE RISE OF THE MACHINE
III. THE TIDE OF MATERIALISM
IV. THE POLITICIAN AND THE CITY
V. TAMMANY HALL
VI. LESSER OLIGARCHIES
VII. LEGISLATIVE OMNIPOTENCE
VIII. THE NATIONAL HIERARCHY
IX. THE AWAKENING
X. PARTY REFORM
XI. THE EXPERT AT LAST

BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE

THE BOSS AND THE MACHINE

CHAPTER I. THE RISE OF THE PARTY

The party system is an essential instrument of Democracy. Wherever
government rests upon the popular will, there the party is the organ of
expression and the agency of the ultimate power. The party is, moreover,
a forerunner of Democracy, for parties have everywhere preceded free
government. Long before Democracy as now understood was anywhere
established, long before the American colonies became the United
States, England was divided between Tory and Whig. And it was only after
centuries of bitter political strife, during which a change of ministry
would not infrequently be accompanied by bloodshed or voluntary exile,
that England finally emerged with a government deriving its powers from
the consent of the governed.

The functions of the party, both as a forerunner and as a necessary
organ of Democracy, are well exemplified in American experience. Before
the Revolution, Tory and Whig were party names used in the colonies to
designate in a rough way two ideals of political doctrine. The Tories
believed in the supremacy of the Executive, or the King; the Whigs in
the supremacy of Parliament. The Tories, by their rigorous and ruthless
acts giving effe