use of his remaining eye, made a famous speech
at the meeting of the conspirators. These are some of his words, as
reported to me by persons who were present.

"What! What! is this Little Crow? Is that Little Six? You, too, White
Dog, are you here? I cannot see well now, but I can see with my mind's
eye the stream of blood you are about to pour upon the bosom of this
mother of ours" (meaning the earth). "I stand before you on three legs,
but the third leg has brought me wisdom" [referring to the staff with
which he supported himself]. "I have traveled much, I have visited among
the people whom you think to defy. This means the total surrender of our
beautiful land, the land of a thousand lakes and streams. Methinks you
are about to commit an act like that of the porcupine, who climbs a
tree, balances himself upon a springy bough, and then gnaws off the very
bough upon which he is sitting; hence, when it gives way, he falls upon
the sharp rocks below. Behold the great Pontiac, whose grave I saw near
St. Louis; he was murdered while an exile from his country! Think of the
brave Black Hawk! Methinks his spirit is still wailing through Wisconsin
and Illinois for his lost people! I do not say you have no cause to
complain, but to resist is self-destruction. I am done."

It is supposed that this speech was his last, and it was made, though
vainly, in defense of the Americans whom he had loved. He died at Fort
Pierre, South Dakota, in 1864. His people say that he died a natural
death, of old age. And yet his exploits are not forgotten. Thus lived
and departed a most active and fearless Sioux, Tamahay, who desired to
die young!

GALL

Chief Gall was one of the most aggressive leaders of the Sioux nation in
their last stand for freedom.

The westward pressure of civilization during the past three centuries
has been tremendous. When our hemisphere was "discovered", it had been
inhabited by the natives for untold ages, but it was held undiscovered
because the original owners did not chart or advertise it. Yet some of
them at least had developed ideals of life which included real liberty
and equality to all men, and they did not recognize individual ownership
in land or other property beyond actual necessity. It was a soul
development leading to essential manhood. Under this system they brought
forth some striking characters.

Gall was considered by both Indians and whites to be a most impressive
type of physical ma