o upon the warpath, to become the councilor of his people. From this
time on, this man represented him in all important battles, and upon
every brave deed done was wont to exclaim aloud:

"I, Sitting Bull's boy, do this in his name!"

He had a nephew, now living, who resembles him strongly, and who also
represented him personally upon the field; and so far as there is any
remnant left of his immediate band, they look upon this man One Bull as
their chief.

When Sitting Bull was a boy, there was no thought of trouble with the
whites. He was acquainted with many of the early traders, Picotte,
Choteau, Primeau, Larpenteur, and others, and liked them, as did most
of his people in those days. All the early records show this friendly
attitude of the Sioux, and the great fur companies for a century and a
half depended upon them for the bulk of their trade. It was not until
the middle of the last century that they woke up all of a sudden to the
danger threatening their very existence. Yet at that time many of the
old chiefs had been already depraved by the whisky and other vices of
the whites, and in the vicinity of the forts and trading posts at Sioux
City, Saint Paul, and Cheyenne, there was general demoralization. The
drunkards and hangers-on were ready to sell almost anything they had
for the favor of the trader. The better and stronger element held aloof.
They would not have anything of the white man except his hatchet, gun,
and knife. They utterly refused to cede their lands; and as for the
rest, they were willing to let him alone as long as he did not interfere
with their life and customs, which was not long.

It was not, however, the Unkpapa band of Sioux, Sitting Bull's band,
which first took up arms against the whites; and this was not because
they had come less in contact with them, for they dwelt on the Missouri
River, the natural highway of trade. As early as 1854, the Ogallalas
and Brules had trouble with the soldiers near Fort Laramie; and again
in 1857 Inkpaduta massacred several families of settlers at Spirit Lake,
Iowa. Finally, in 1869, the Minnesota Sioux, goaded by many wrongs,
arose and murdered many of the settlers, afterward fleeing into the
country of the Unkpapas and appealing to them for help, urging that
all Indians should make common cause against the invader. This brought
Sitting Bull face to face with a question which was not yet fully
matured in his own mind; but having satisfied himself of th