30;
permitted to issue bills of credit, 230;
and East India Company tea, 232, 233;
Howe occupies the city of, 255;
war conditions in, 268;
projected attack on the city of, 269;
evacuated by British and Loyalists, 272.

Niagara, 153, 159.

Nicolet, Jean, 141.

Nicolls, Col. Richard, 131.

Noel, Martin, 135 _ff._

Nombre de Dios, 43.

Nonconformists, 87, 88, 90.

Non-importation agreements, 221, 222, 229, 230, 246.

North, Lord, 230, 231, 250, 270.

Northampton, 188.

North Carolina, 175, 269.

Northwest, conquest of the, 265-67.

_Nova Britannia_, 67.

Nova Scotia, 122, 155.

Oderic, Friar Beatus, 9.

Ohio Valley. _See_ Frontier; Defense.

Old colonial system. _See_ Colonial control.

Oldham, John, 104.

"Old Light," 188.

"Old Side," 188.

Orient, importance of the relations of Europe and the, 1, 4-7, 13.

Oswego, 153, 154, 156, 157, 159.

Otis, James, 231, 237.

Overpopulation of England, colonization and the belief in, 67, 138.

Palatinate, 177.

Paper money. _See_ Currency.

Parliament. _See_ English Government.

Particularism, 262, 263.

Partridge, Lieutenant-Governor, 148.

Party: the Conservatives, attitude toward Stamp Act, 222;
and the Townshend Acts, 227, 229, 230;
and the tea episode, 232;
fear the growing influence of lower classes, 240 _ff._;
tend to become Loyalist, 244;
in the First Congress, 245 _ff._;
support Galloway's plan, 246;
disappearance of the, 248 _ff._;
influence in forming the new state constitutions, 263.
the Loyalists, oppose Grenville's measures, 217;
in the First Congress, 245;
the "Association" creates the party of, 247 _ff._;
growth of the, 249 _ff._;
New York the headquarters of, 255;
in Philadelphia, 259;
property confiscated, 259;
encouraged by the conquest of South Carolina, 262;
take part in the war, 267, 268;
ruined by the Treaty of 1783, 271;
America suffers loss by the exile of, 272.
the Radicals, oppose Stamp Act, 219 _ff._;
organize as Sons of Liberty, 222;
take advanced ground on the Townshend Acts, 227-30;
active opposition to the East India Company's tea monopoly, 232, 233;
aim to revolutionize colonial governments, 240 _ff._;
control First Congress, 245 _ff._;
establish revolutionary government, 217 _ff._;
not wholly satisfied with new State Governments, 263.

Pastorius, Francis Daniel, 178.

Patent