FREE BOOKS

Author's List




PREV.   NEXT  
|<   72   73   74   75   76   77   78   79   80   81   82   83   84   85   86   87   88   89   90   91   92   93   94   95   96  
97   98   99   100   101   102   103   104   105   106   107   108   109   110   111   112   113   114   115   116   117   118   119   120   121   >>   >|  
uricle. 4. How does the movement of air into and from the lungs differ from that of the blood through the lungs with respect to (_a_) the direction of the motion. (_b_) the causes of the motion, and (_c_) the tubes through which the motion takes place? 5. How are the air passages kept clean and open? 6. Describe the pleura. Into what divisions does it separate the thoracic cavity? 7. Describe and name uses of the diaphragm. 8. If 30 cubic inches of air are passed into the lungs at each inspiration and .05 of this is retained as oxygen, calculate the number of cubic feet of oxygen consumed each day, if the number of inspirations be 18 per minute. 9. Find the _weight_ of a day's supply of oxygen, as found in the above problem, allowing 1.3 ounces as the weight of a cubic foot. 10. Make a study of the hygienic ventilation of the schoolroom. 11. Give advantages of full breathing over shallow breathing. 12. How may a flat chest and round shoulders be a cause of consumption? How may these deformities be corrected? 13. Give general directions for applying artificial respiration. PRACTICAL WORK Examine a dissectible model of the chest and its contents (Fig. 49). Note the relative size of the two lungs and their position with reference to the heart and diaphragm. Compare the side to side and vertical diameters of the cavity. Trace the air tubes from the trachea to their smallest divisions. *Observation of Lungs* (Optional).--Secure from a butcher the lungs of a sheep, calf, or hog. The windpipe and heart should be left attached and the specimen kept in a moist condition until used. Demonstrate the trachea, bronchi, and the bronchial tubes, and the general arrangement of pulmonary arteries and veins. Examine the pleura and show lightness of lung tissue by floating a piece on water. *To show the Changes that Air undergoes in the Lungs.*--1. Fill a quart jar even full of water. Place a piece of cardboard over its mouth and invert, without spilling, in a pan of water. Inserting a tube under the jar, blow into it air that has been held as long as possible in the lungs. When filled with air, remove the jar from the pan, keeping the top well covered. Slipping the cover slightly to one side, insert a burning splinter and observe that the flame is extinguished. This proves the absence of sufficient oxygen to support combustion. Pour in a little limewater(43) and shake to mix with the air. The change o
PREV.   NEXT  
|<   72   73   74   75   76   77   78   79   80   81   82   83   84   85   86   87   88   89   90   91   92   93   94   95   96  
97   98   99   100   101   102   103   104   105   106   107   108   109   110   111   112   113   114   115   116   117   118   119   120   121   >>   >|  



Top keywords:

oxygen

 

motion

 

number

 
weight
 
general
 

trachea

 
Examine
 

diaphragm

 

breathing

 

pleura


divisions
 

Describe

 

cavity

 

Demonstrate

 

bronchi

 
bronchial
 

specimen

 

condition

 

arrangement

 
pulmonary

lightness

 
sufficient
 

absence

 

proves

 

support

 

combustion

 

arteries

 
attached
 

Observation

 

Optional


smallest

 

Slipping

 

change

 

Secure

 

butcher

 

covered

 

limewater

 

windpipe

 

diameters

 

burning


Inserting

 

spilling

 

insert

 

filled

 

keeping

 

slightly

 
invert
 

extinguished

 

Changes

 

tissue