[34] Referring to the fund arising from the fourth part of the
tributes in encomiendas where no religious instruction was given; this
fourth was reserved for the benefit of the Indians. See _Vol_. VIII,
pp. 29, 160.

[35] In legajo 2637, sec_a_, de est_o_. of the Simancas archivo is a
document recording the proceedings at a session of the Council of State
on July 20, 1604; among the questions discussed was this one of trade
between the American and the Oriental colonies. The councilors gave
their opinions separately. Their conclusion was that the prohibition
of trade in Chinese goods then in force between Peru and Nueva Espana
be made general; and that a period of only six or eight months be
allowed for the consumption of such goods already on hand, instead
of the two years recommended by the Council of the Indias. "It is
desirable to do this promptly and rigorously; but merchandise brought
for use in the churches and in Divine worship should be excepted from
this prohibition--save that in the future neither this nor any other
exception should be considered, but the door to this trade should
be closed by all means. The Marques of Montesclaros was recommended
as the proper person to carry out these instructions, as he had not
been concerned in that trade. One of the councilors advised that the
appointments of the commanders on ships in the Philippine trade be
retained by the viceroy of Spain, rather than given to the governor
and archbishop at Manila.

[36] Literally, "average;" a certain duty levied on merchandise in
the India trade.

[37] See account of this affair in _Vol_. XII, in the first document
1603; this name is there given as Tio Heng.

[38] Apparently a corrupt phonetic rendering of the name of Wan-Leh,
then emperor of China (_Vol_. III, p. 228). As he succeeded his father
in 1572, the blank date here must refer to the thirty-third year of
his reign (1605).

[39] Lorenzo de Leon was a native of Granada, and entered the
Augustinian order in Mexico where he made profession in 1578. Four
years later, he entered the Philippine mission, and spent twelve
years as minister in Indian villages in Luzon. He was then advanced
to various high offices in his order, among them that of provincial
(1596). He was a religious of exceptional abilities, and the general
of the order, as a recognition of his great endowments in virtue
and knowledge, appointed him master and president of provincial
chapters. After his seco