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to any date but some part of the Macedonian period. Though differently shaped, they do not differ very greatly in actual area from those of Priene. They are somewhat smaller, but only by about 60 sq. yds. in each average-sized plot.[26] [26] Wiegand, _Abhandlungen der Berliner Akademie_, 1911, Anhang; _Archaeol. Anzeiger_, 1911, 420 foll. [Illustration: FIG. 9. MILETUS, AS EXCAVATED BY WIEGAND. (_Archaologischer Anzeiger_, 1911, p. 421.)] _Alexandria_. A yet more famous town, founded by Alexander himself, is definitely recorded by ancient writers to have been laid out in the same quasi-chess-board fashion, with one long highway, the Canopic Street, running through it from end to end for something like four miles.[27] Unfortunately the details of the plan are not known with any certainty. Excavations were conducted at the instigation of Napoleon III in 1866 by an Arab archaeologist, Mahmud Bey el Fallaki, and, according to him, showed a regular and rectangular scheme in which seven streets ran east and west while thirteen ran north and south at right angles to them. The house-blocks divided by these streets were thought to vary somewhat in size but to measure in general about 300 x 330 metres.[28] More recent research, however, has not confirmed Mahmud's plans. The excavations of Mr. Hogarth and M. Botti suggest that many of his lines are wrong and that even his Canopic Street is incorrectly laid down. Mr. Hogarth, indeed, concludes that 'it is hopeless now to sift his work; those who would treat the site of Alexandria scientifically must ignore him and start _de novo_'. More recent excavation, carried out by Dr. Noack in 1898-9, seemed to show that the ancient streets which can now be traced beneath Alexandria belong to a Roman age, though they may of course follow older lines, and that, if some items in Mahmud's plans are possibly right, the errors and omissions are serious. We may accept as certain the statement that Alexandria was laid out with a rectangular town-plan; we cannot safely assume that Mahmud has given a faithful picture of it.[29] [27] Strabo, xvii. 793. [28] Mahmud Bey, _Memoire sur l'ancienne Alexandrie_ (Copenhagen, 1872); Neroutsos Bey, _L'ancienne Alexandrie_ (Paris, 1888). [29] D.G. Hogarth, _Archaeological Report of the Egypt Exploration Fund_, 1894-5, p. 28, and _Hellenic Journal_, xix. 326; F. Noack, _Athen. Mitteil._ xxv. (1900), pp. 232, 237.
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