A peripneumony frequently occurs in the chin-cough, and destroys the
patient, except immediate recourse be had to the lancet, or to four or five
leeches; when blood cannot be otherwise taken.

The peripneumony is very fatal to young children, especially as I believe
it is frequently mistaken for a spasmodic asthma, or for the croup, or
cynanche trachealis of Cullen. Both which, however, when they occur,
require immediate venesection by the lancet or by leeches, as well as the
peripneumony.

The croup is an inflammation of the upper part, and the peripneumony of the
lower part of the same organ, viz. the trachea or windpipe. See Class I. 1.
3. 4. But as the inflammation is seldom I suppose confined to the upper
part of the trachea only, but exists at the same time in other parts of the
lungs, and as no inflammation of the tonsils is generally perceptible, the
uncouth name of cynanche trachealis should be changed for _peripneumonia
trachialis_. The method of cure consists in immediate and repeated
bleeding. A vomit. A grain of calomel or other mild cathartic. Bathing in
subtepid water, and in breathing over the steam of warm water, with or
without a little vinegar in it. And lastly, by keeping the child raised
high in bed.

Inflammation of the lungs is also liable to occur in the measles, and must
be attacked by venesection at any time of the disease; otherwise either a
present death, or an incurable consumption, is the consequence.

The peripneumony is frequently combined with inflammation of the pleura,
and sometimes with that of the diaphragm; either of these may generally be
distinguished, not only by the pain which attends inflammation of these
membranes, but by inspecting the naked chest, and observing whether the
patient breathes more by elevating the ribs, or by depressing the
diaphragm.

A crisis happens in children about the sixth day with much pale urine,
which must be waited for after evacuations have been used, as far as can be
done with safety; in this situation the warm bath twice a day, and small
blisters repeatedly in succession, are of peculiar service.

After the termination of peripneumony a collection of coagulable lymph is
frequently left in the cavity of the chest unabsorbed; or a common anasarca
of the lungs occurs from the present inaction of the absorbent vessels,
which had previously been excited too violently. This difficulty of
breathing is cured or relieved by the exhibition of digita