rt time. Two
others, one of whom laboured under confirmed hydrothorax, and the other
under a permanent and uniform difficulty of respiration, were not
refreshed, or in any way served by the use of oxygen in the above quantity
of four gallons a day for a fortnight, which I ascribed to the
inirritability of the diseased lungs. For other cases the reader is
referred to the publications of Dr. Beddoes; Confederations on the Use of
Factitious Airs, sold by Johnson, London.

Its effects would probably have been greater in respect to the quantity
breathed, if it had been given in a dilute state, mixed with 10 or 20 times
its quantity of atmospheric air, as otherwise much of it returns by
expiration without being deprived of its quality, as may be seen by the
person breathing on the flame of a candle, which it enlarges. See the
Treatise of Dr. Beddoes above mentioned.

V. Those passions, which are attended with pleasurable sensation, excite
the system into increased action in consequence of that sensation, as joy,
and love, as is seen by the flush of the skin. Those passions, which are
attended with disagreeable sensation, produce torpor in general by the
expence of sensorial power occasioned by inactive pain; unless volition be
excited in consequence of the painful sensation; and in that case an
increased activity of the system occurs; thus paleness and coldness are the
consequence of fear, but warmth and redness are the consequence of anger.

VI. Besides the exertions of the system occasioned by increased stimuli,
and consequent irritation, and by the passions of the mind above described,
the increased actions occasioned by exercise belong to this article. These
may be divided into the actions of the body in consequence of volition,
which is generally termed labour; or secondly, in consequence of agreeable
sensation, which is termed play or sport; thirdly, the exercise occasioned
by agitation, as in a carriage or on horseback; fourthly, that of friction,
as with a brush or hand, so much used in the baths of Turkey; and lastly,
the exercise of swinging.

The first of these modes of exercise is frequently carried to great excess
even amongst our own labourers, and more so under the lash of slavery; so
that the body becomes emaciated and sinks under either the present
hardships, or by a premature old age. The second mode of exercise is seen
in the play of all young animals, as kittens, and puppies, and children;
and is so nec