about sixteen first prizes on apples and
plums this year. We did considerable top-working, mostly on Hibernals
and native seedlings, which are doing very well. Some of our seedling
cherries are commencing to bear and show to be perfectly hardy. They are
of the Oregon strain of sweet cherry.

In regard to gardens, they were fairly good throughout the section. Corn
crop a failure.

In regard to the condition of the trees and shrubbery, this are going
into their winter quarters with lots of moisture and with a large amount
of fruit buds, with a good prospect for fruit next year.

* * * * *

DESTROYING PLANT LICE.--According to the results of experiments
a 10 per cent kerosene emulsion should prove effective against the green
apple aphis. The kerosene emulsion made either with 66 per cent stock,
10 per cent, or with naphtha soap and cold water, seemed to kill all the
green apple aphides. The 40 per cent nicotine solution, with a dilution
up to 1 to 2,000 combined with soap, were likewise effective
aphidicides. The kerosene emulsions under 10 per cent were not
satisfactory, neither were the soaps at the strengths tested, except
that fish-oil soap, 5 to 50, killed 90 per cent of the aphides. Laundry
soap, 3 to 50, was effective against the young aphides only. Arsenate of
lead alone, as was to be expected, had little or no effect upon the
aphides. The combination of arsenate of calcium with kerosene emulsions
is not a desirable one, since an insoluble calcium soap is formed,
thereby releasing some free kerosene.--U.S. Dpt. of Agri.

New Fruits Originated at Minnesota Fruit-Breeding Farm.

CHAS. HARALSON, SUPT., EXCELSIOR.

The subject on which I am to talk is rather difficult to present at this
time, but I will mention a few of the most promising new varieties.

[Illustration: The new and valuable hardy raspberry No. 4, growing at
State Fruit-Breeding Farm.]

We have developed several hundred new varieties of fruit since we
started fruit-breeding at the State Fruit Farm. Many of them are very
promising, but it probably will take several years before we really know
what we have that will be of value to the public.

We have been growing thousands of seedlings of apples, plums, grapes,
raspberries, strawberries, gooseberries and currants, from which
valuable varieties have been selected. All of them have been put under
propagation in a small way for testing at the Fruit Farm, tri