611.
Sadler's law of, 615.
Disproved by evidence, 617.
Its dependence on wealth, 631.
Further refutation of Sadler's law, 670 _et seq._

Portico, school of the, its doctrines, ii. 450.

Portocarrero, Cardinal, ii. 144-148.
Louis XIV.'s opinion of him, 154.
His disgrace and reconciliation with the Queen Dowager, 167.

Posidonius, on the value of philosophy, ii. 445.

Post Nati, the, great case of, in the Exchequer Chamber, conducted by
Bacon; doubts upon the legality of the decision, ii. 402.

Pragmatic Sanction, agreed to, iii. 257.
Entirely destroyed by Frederic the Great's action, 262.

Prerogative, royal, curtailed by the Revolution, ii. 211.
Bolingbroke proposes to strengthen it, 211. _See_ Crown.

Press, the, emancipation of, i. 369.
Censorship of, in the reign of Elizabeth, ii. 76.

Prince, The, Machiavelli's, i. 176.
Compared to Montesquieu's Spirit of Laws, 180.

Printing, its inventor and the date of its discovery unknown, ii. 452.

Privy Council, Temple's plan for its reconstitution, ii. 553.
Mr. Courtenay's opinion of its absurdity contested, 554-565.
Barillon's remarks upon it, 556.

Progress of mankind, in the political and physical sciences,
ii. 300-306.
In intellectual freedom, 380.
The key of the Baconian doctrine, 445.
How retarded by the unprofitableness of ancient philosophy, 445-472.

Protestantism, early history of, ii. 73, 74.
Its attitude toward private judgment, 643.
Rapid advance of, iii. 14.
Struggle with Catholicism, 25.
Dissension in the ranks of, 28.
Vanquished and humbled, 34.
Productive of prosperity to its adherents, 36.
Non-extension of, remarkable, 45.

Protestant Nonconformists, in the reign of Charles I., intolerance of,
ii. 42.

Protestants and Catholics, relative numbers of, in the 16th century,
ii. 83, 84.

Provence, earliest civilized portion of Western Europe, iii. 9.

Prussia, king of, subsidized by the Pitt and Newcastle ministry,
ii. 278.
Its beginnings, iii. 243.
Becomes a kingdom, 244.
Condition of, under Frederic the Great, 275.
Fearful devastation of, in the Seven Years' War, 329.

Prynne, pilloried and mutilated, ii. 23, 29.

Public opinion, power of, ii. 209.

Public spirit, an antidote against bad government, ii. 78.
A safe-guard against legal oppression, 79.