use for it. To avoid
poverty with us is no disgrace; the true disgrace is in doing
nothing to avoid it. An Athenian citizen does not neglect the
State because he takes care of his own household; and even
those of us who are engaged in business have a very fair idea
of politics. We alone regard a man who takes no interest in
public affairs not as a harmless, but as a useless character;
and if few of us are originators, we are all sound judges, of
a policy. The great impediment to action is, in our opinion,
not discussion, but the want of that knowledge which is gained
by discussion preparatory to action. For we have a peculiar
power of thinking before we act, and of acting too, whereas
other men are courageous from ignorance, but hesitate upon
reflection."[429:19]

Thus life may be broadened and deepened without being made thin and
ineffectual. As the civil community is related to the individual's
private interests, so the community of the universe is related to the
civil community. There is a citizenship in this larger community which
requires a wider and more generous interest, rooted in a deeper and more
quiet reflection. The world, however, is not to be left behind, but
served with a new sense of proportion, with the peculiar fortitude and
reverence which are the proper fruits of philosophy.

"This is that which will indeed dignify and exalt knowledge,
if contemplation and action may be more nearly and straitly
conjoined and united together than they have been; a
conjunction like unto that of the two highest planets: Saturn,
the planet of rest and contemplation, and Jupiter, the planet
of civil society and action."[430:20]

FOOTNOTES:

[402:1] Cf. Josiah Royce: _The Spirit of Modern Philosophy_, Lecture
XII; _The World and the Individual, Second Series_.

[403:2] Cf. Hugo Muensterberg: _Psychology and Life_. The more important
writings of this school are: _Die Philosophie im Beginn des zwanzigsten
Jahrhunderts_, edited by Wilhelm Windelband, and contributed to by
Windelband, H. Rickert, O. Liebmann, E. Troeltsch, B. Bauch, and others.
This book contains an excellent bibliography. Also, Rickert: _Der
Gegenstand der Erkenntnis_; _Die Grenzen der naturwissenschaftlichen
Begriffsbildung_, and other works. Windelband: _Praeludien_; _Geschichte
und Naturwissenschaft_. Muensterberg: _Grundzuege der Psychologie_.
Eucken: