ks on the
western end, deepening the water, like the other, to the eastward to 75
and 80 fathoms over a broken rocky bottom and 90 fathoms on hard mud.
This is an all-the-year cusk ground. A few cod are present all the year.
but this species is most abundant here and on the other ridge in the
spring and through June. Hake occur on the muddy ground in summer and
fall.

On both shoals are abundant growths of "lemons" and like species of fish
food, and they are good "hand-line spots" over their rocky bottoms.
Fishing on both is said to be at its best in the spring and in June, the
species taken being cod, cusk, pollock, and hake. As before stated,
these are year-around cod and cusk ground, pollock and hake being
present in summer and fall, the latter species over the muddy ground.
These grounds have been thought to lie too rough for trawling. But
occasional good fares are taken on them by this method.

Cashes Bank. Our older reports state that Cashes Bank was not then an
important fishing ground except for a short time in the spring, although
good fares were often taken there in the fall also. The writer has found
it furnishing at least its quota in recent years and in apparently
increasing volume. It bears E. 1/4 S. from Cape Ann (Thacher Island
Light, from which point most skippers lay their course), from which its
shoaler parts are distant 78 miles, and bears SE. 1/4 S. from Portland
Lightship 69 miles to the buoy upon it, where is a depth of 17 fathoms;
and 74 miles SE. 1/2 S. from Cape Elizabeth eastern light to the buoy.
The bank is about 22 miles long, from 42 deg. 49' to 43 deg. 11' north
latitude, and about 17 miles wide, from 68 deg. 40' to 69 deg. 03' west
longitude. There are three small shoals upon its western part, of which
the southern has a depth of 7 fathoms, the middle one has 4 fathoms, and
the northern one has 11 fathoms. The middle shoal lies in 42 deg. 56'
north latitude and 68 deg. 52' west longitude. From this the south shoal
bears S. by E. and the north shoal NNE., each being 3 1/4 miles distant
from it. The water breaks on these in rough weather and, though of small
extent, they are dangerous to passing vessels bound from Cape Sable to
Massachusetts ports, across whose course they lie directly. Except for
these shoals, the water ranges from 15 to 60 fathoms. The ground is more
or less broken, and the bottom is of sand, pebbles, and rocks.

The principal fishing on these grounds is for cod, haddo