xpense of which
may be paid, if thought advisable, by allowing its officers to sell
bills of exchange to private individuals at a moderate premium. Not
being a corporate body, having no stockholders, debtors, or property,
and but few officers, it would not be obnoxious to the constitutional
objections which are urged against the present bank; and having no means
to operate on the hopes, fears, or interests of large masses of the
community, it would be shorn of the influence which makes that bank
formidable. The States would be strengthened by having in their hands
the means of furnishing the local paper currency through their own
banks, while the Bank of the United States, though issuing no paper,
would check the issues of the State banks by taking their notes in
deposit and for exchange only so long as they continue to be redeemed
with specie. In times of public emergency the capacities of such an
institution might be enlarged by legislative provisions.

These suggestions are made not so much as a recommendation as with a
view of calling the attention of Congress to the possible modifications
of a system which can not continue to exist in its present form without
occasional collisions with the local authorities and perpetual
apprehensions and discontent on the part of the States and the people.

In conclusion, fellow-citizens, allow me to invoke in behalf of your
deliberations that spirit of conciliation and disinterestedness which is
the gift of patriotism. Under an overruling and merciful Providence the
agency of this spirit has thus far been signalized in the prosperity and
glory of our beloved country. May its influence be eternal.

ANDREW JACKSON.

SPECIAL MESSAGES.

_December 9, 1830_.
_To the Senate of the United States_.

Gentlemen: I transmit herewith a treaty concluded by commissioners duly
authorized on the part of the United States with the Choctaw tribe of
Indians, which, with explanatory documents, is submitted to the Senate
for their advice and consent as to the ratification of the same.

ANDREW JACKSON.

Washington, _December 10, 1830_.
_To the Senate of the United States:_

I transmit to the Senate printed copies of the convention between the
United States and His Majesty the King of Denmark, concluded at
Copenhagen on the 28th March, 1830, and ratified by and with the advice
and consent of the Senate.

ANDREW JACKSON.

(The same message was sent to the House of Representatives