becoming
violent and destructive himself; he will not now re-enact the Ciconian
affair.

Let us look into the inner movement of the matter here indicated. The
slaughter of the Suitors by Ulysses was undoubtedly a negative act, yet
the Suitors also were negative in conduct, wholly so; thus violence is
met and undone by violence, or negation negates negation. What is the
outcome? Manifestly a double result is possible: if a negative cancels
a negative, there may remain still negation, or there may be a positive
result. Ulysses has passed through the first of these stages by his
discipline already recorded, after which he is master of the negative;
the destruction of the Suitors will not now make him destructive, as
did the destruction of Troy. It will be seen, therefore, that the poem
has a positive outcome; after some trouble, Ulysses will renovate the
country, will restore Family and State, in fine the whole Order which
had been upset by the Suitors.

With the transition from Fableland occurs a marked change in the style
of the poem. In the previous portions we have already noted the
Marvelous Tale of Fairyland, the Heroic Tale of Troy, the Idyllic
Epopee of the Present, the latter especially in Phaeacia. But in these
last twelve Books we read a story of actual social life, a story which
almost strikes into the domain of the modern Novel. Still fabulous
adventures will be interwoven--now more in the form of the
novelette--with Phoenician and Egyptian backgrounds. Also a tone of
humanity, even of sentiment, makes itself felt in various places. A new
situation brings with it a new style, yet Homeric still. Hereafter
these points will be more fully noticed.

We have already indicated the fact (p. 19) that Pallas starts to
organize the Odyssey in Book First. Two portions she designates, the
Telemachiad and the Ulyssiad, which really belong together, showing the
spiritual palingenesis, or internal renovation of son and father ere
they proceed to the renovation of their country. Such in general are
the first twelve Books, showing the two masters of destiny, the two
positive men with their idea; the second twelve Books show them
realizing their idea, and doing the great deed for which they have been
prepared.

This second half of the Odyssey falls into two divisions. The first is
located at the hut of the swineherd and brings the three men together,
whose general character has been already indicated; they have been
trai