ct from the ordinary mode of treatment,
except that it compels a removal of the stock from the influence of the
cause. Much, however, may be done by way of prevention; and this I shall
briefly notice.

"It simply consists in keeping breeding cows and heifers upon land free
from these seeds. Grass which has been grazed during the summer, will
very generally, in a humid climate, have some of this ergotized seed;
but I have not observed it produced before the end of July, or early in
August; and I doubt its existence, to any injurious degree, up to this
time. We may, therefore, consider such ground safe up to this period. If
the breeding stock are then removed to grass land which, having been
mown for this operation is a guaranty against any seeds remaining, it
will seldom, if ever, happen that any injury will result from the
production of ergotized grass later in the season.

"I will not venture to say that such will not appear in some cases where
the grass has been cut early and has been followed by a rapid growth;
but, at any rate, we have grazing land free from this excitant from July
until September; and in the grass which has been mown late, I do not
consider that there is the least fear of ergot's being again formed in
that season. In this manner a farmer may keep grass land for his
breeding stock entirely free from ergotized grass; and, consequently, so
far as this cause is concerned, they will be free from abortion. How far
young heifers may be prejudicially influenced, before they are used for
breeding, by an excitement of the womb, appears to me to be a subject
worthy of some attention on the part of the veterinary profession."

APOPLEXY.

This is a determination of blood to the head, causing pressure upon the
brain. Animals attacked with this disease are generally in a plethoric
condition. The usual symptoms are _coma_ (a sleepy state), eyes
protruding, respiration accelerated; finally, the animal falls,
struggles, and dies.

In such cases, bleeding should be resorted to at an early period; give
in drink one pound of Epsom-salts.

BLACK WATER.

This is simply an exaggerated stage of the disease known as Red
Water,--to which the reader is referred in its appropriate place,--the
urine being darker in color in consequence of the admixture of venous
blood.

The symptoms are similar, though more acute. There is constipation at
first, which is followed by diarrhoea, large quantities of blood
passing aw