rint. If such abbreviations are necessary it is better
to use the forms _Dept._, _Govt._, _Secy._

THE HYPHEN

The hyphen is used to join compound words; to mark the division of a
word too long to go entirely into one line; to separate the syllables of
words in order to show pronunciation; as a leader in tabular work. For
this last purpose the period is to be preferred to any other mark in
use. Tabular work without leaders is obscure and therefore
objectionable.

QUOTATION MARKS

Quotation marks are signs used to indicate that the writer is giving
exactly the words of another. A French printer named Morel used a comma
in the outer margin to indicate a quoted line about 1550. About a
century later another Frenchman, Menage, introduced a mark ("")
resembling a double parenthesis but shorter. These marks were cast on
the middle of the type body so that they could be reversed for use at
either the beginning or the end of a quotation. The French have retained
these signs as their quotation marks ever since.

When the English adopted the use of quotation marks, they did not take
over the French marks, but substituted two inverted commas at the
beginning and two apostrophes at the end of the quoted paragraph. These
marks are typographically unsatisfactory. They are weak and therefore
hardly adequate to their purpose in aiding the understanding through the
eye. Being cast on the upper part of the type body, they leave a blank
space below and thus impair the beauty of the line and interfere with
good spacing. Certain rules for the position of quotation marks when
used with other marks are based upon these typographical considerations
rather than upon logical considerations.

_Rules for the Use of Quotation Marks_

1. Every direct quotation should be enclosed in double quotation marks.

"I will go," said he, "if I can."

Reports of what another person has said when given in words other than
his own are called indirect quotations and take no marks.

He said he would go if he could.

2. A quotation of several paragraphs requires quotation marks at the
beginning of each paragraph, but at the end of the last one only. In
legal documents, and sometimes elsewhere, quotations are defined and
emphasized by putting double commas at the beginning of every line of
the quotation.

The same result may be better obtained by using smaller type, or
indenting the quotation, or both.

3. A quotation inclu