he description of the capture of Athens is given by
Appian. (_Mithridatic War_, c. 30.) Plutarch here alludes to the
deluge in the time of Deucalion, which is often mentioned by the Greek
and Roman writers. In the time of Pausanias (i. 18), in the second
century of our aera, they still showed at Athens the hole through which
the waters of the deluge ran off. A map of the Topography of Athens
has been published by the Society for the Diffusion of Useful
Knowledge. Leake's _Topography of Athens_, K.O. Mueller, in Ersch und
Gruber, _Encyclop._ art. "Attika," p. 223, and P.W. Forchhammer,
_Topographie von Athen_, 1841, should be consulted.]

[Footnote 224: See Strabo, p. 395.]

[Footnote 225: One of the ports of the maritime town of Athens. The
events mentioned in this chapter should be compared with Appian
(_Mithridat. War_, c. 41).]

[Footnote 226: His name was Lucius, and he was probably a brother of
the great Hortensius. L. Hortensius had to pass through a difficult
country to reach Boeotia. His route lay through the straits of
Thermopylae; but he probably took some other line, and he was conducted
by Kaphis over the heights of the great mountain mass of Parnassus.
Kaphis appears to be the person of the same name who has been
mentioned before (c. 12), though he is there called a Phokian. In this
chapter Plutarch calls him a Chaeroneian. Tithora or Tithorea was in
the time of Herodotus (viii. 32) the name of that summit of Parnassus
to which the Phokians of the neighbouring town of Neon fled from the
soldiers of Xerxes B.C. 480. Pausanias (x. 32) remarks that the city
Neon must have taken the name of Tithorea after the time of Herodotus.
But Plutarch means to say that the Tithora of which he speaks was the
place to which the Phokians fled; and therefore Neon, the place from
which they fled, cannot be Tithora, according to Plutarch; and the
description of Tithorea by Herodotus, though very brief, agrees with
the description of Plutarch. Pausanias places Tithorea eighty stadia
from Delphi.]

[Footnote 227: Elateia was an important position in Phokis and near
the river Kephisus. It was situated near the north-western extremity
of the great Boeotian plain, and commanded the entrance into that plain
from the mountainous country to the north-west. The Kephisus takes a
south-east course past Elateia, Panopeus, Chaeronea, and Orchomenus,
and near Orchomenus it enters the Lake Kopais. Boeotia is a high
table-land surrounded