Typhon in
his nets. Bacchus, in his Indian expedition, was accompanied by him with
a body of Satyrs, who rendered Bacchus great service. When the Gauls
invaded Greece, and were just going to pillage Delphi, Pan struck them
with such a sudden consternation by night, that they fled without being
pursued: hence the expression of a _Panic fear_, for a sudden terror.
The Romans adopted him among their deities, by the names of Lupercus and
Lycaeus, and built a temple to him at the foot of Mount Palatine.

He is represented with a smiling, ruddy face, and thick beard covering
his breast, two horns on his head, a star on his bosom, legs and thighs
hairy, and the nose, feet, and tail of a goat. He is clothed in a
spotted skin, having a shepherd's crook in one hand, and his pipe of
unequal reeds in the other, and is crowned with pine, that tree being
sacred to him.

Pan probably signifies the universal nature, proceeding from the divine
mind and providence, of which the heaven, earth, sea, and the eternal
fire, are so many members. Mythologists are of opinion that his upper
parts are like a man, because the superior and celestial part of the
world is beautiful, radiant, and glorious: his horns denote the rays of
the sun, as they beam upwards, and his long beard signifies the same
rays, as they have an influence upon the earth: the ruddiness of his
face resembles the splendor of the sky, and the spotted skin which he
wears is the image of the starry firmament: his lower parts are rough,
hairy, and deformed, to represent the shrubs, wild creatures, trees, and
mountains here below: his goat's feet signify the solidity of the earth;
and his pipe of seven reeds, that celestial harmony which is made by the
seven planets; lastly, his sheep-hook denotes that care and providence
by which he governs the universe.

SILENUS. As Bacchus was the god of good humor and fellowship, so none of
the deities appeared with a more numerous or splendid retinue, in which
Sil{=e}nus was the principal person; of whose descent, however, we have
no accounts to be relied on. Some say he was born at Malea, a city of
Sparta; others at Nysa in Arabia; but the most probable conjecture is,
that he was a prince of Caria, noted for his equity and wisdom. But
whatever be the fate of these different accounts, Sil{=e}nus is said to
have been preceptor to Bacchus, and was certainly a very suitable one
for such a deity, the old man being heartily attached to wine. He