es.

As already mentioned, jute is sold under guarantees as to quality,
and all disputes must be settled by arbitration. Although this is
the usual method of sale, it is not uncommon for quantities of jute
to be shipped unsold, and such quantities may be disposed of on the
"Spot." It is a common practice to sell a number of bales to sample,
such number depending generally upon the extent of the quantity, or
"parcel," as it is often called. The contract forms are very complete,
and enable the business to be conducted to the satisfaction of all
concerned in the trade.

[ILLUSTRATION: FIG. 5 NATIVES BAILING JUTE FIBRE IN A WATSON-FAWCETT
CYCLONE PRESS]

It will be understood that, in the yearly production of such a large
quantity of jute fibre from various districts, and obtained from
plants which have been grown under variable climatic and
agricultural conditions, in some cases the fibre will be of the
finest type procurable, while in other cases it will be of a very
indifferent type and unsuitable for use in the production of the
ordinary classes of yarns and fabrics. On the other hand, it should
be stated that there is such a wide range of goods manufactured, and
additional varieties occasionally introduced, that it appears
possible to utilize all the kinds of fibre in any year; indeed, it
seems as if the available types of fibre each season create demands
for a corresponding type of manufactured product.

The crops produced will, obviously, vary in amount and value annually,
but a few figures will help the reader to estimate in some degree
the extent of the industry and its development in various parts of
the world.

EXPORTS OF JUTE FROM INDIA

Year. Tons. Bales.

1828 18 300 lbs/bale
1832 182 300 lbs/bale
1833 300 300 lbs/bale
1834 828 300 lbs/bale
1835 1,222 300 lbs/bale
1836 16 300 lbs/bale
1837 171 300 lbs/bale

[Illustration: FIG. 6 VESSEL LADEN WITH JUTE AT QUAY-SIDE ADJOINING
JUTE SHEDS IN DUNDEE HARBOUR]

JUTE PRODUCTION IN INDIA

Season. Tons. Bales (400 lbs.).

1850-51. 28,247 158,183
1860-61. 46,182 258,619
1862-63. 108,776 609,146
1863-64. 125,903 707,056
18