and Hopkins collection had also found its way over, but it
was used only at Ipswich and in its vicinity. In 1640 appeared the Bay
Psalm Book, issued from the Cambridge press. It was prepared by an
association of New England divines, most prominent among whom were Thomas
Welde, Richard Mather of Dorchester, and John Eliot of Roxbury, the
famous Indian missionary. Being new, it was at once regarded as an
innovation. The churches were soon in a wrangle, not only over the
contents of the new collection, but as to the methods of singing. Some
were opposed to singing altogether, while others insisted that only
Christian voices should be heard. At no time were the colonists very
learned in music. In the edition of the Bay Psalm Book printed in 1698,
the following concise directions appear:--

"_First_, observe how many note-compass the tune is next the place of
your first note, and how many notes above and below that, so as you may
begin the tune of your first note, as the rest may be sung in the
compass of your and the people's voices, without Squeaking above or
Grumbling below. For the better understanding of which take note of the
following directions:

"Of the eight short Tunes used to four lines only, whose measure is to
eight syllables on the first line, and six on the next; and may be sung
to any Psalms of that measure.

Oxford Tune. }
Litchfield Tune. } To Psalms Consolatory.
Low Dutch Tune. }

York Tune. }
Winsor Tune. } To Psalms of Prayer, Confessions, and Funerals.

Cambridge Short Tune to peculiar Psalms, as 21, 24, 33, 70, 86, first
metre, 114, 132.

"Those six short tunes, in tuning the first notes, will bear a cheerful
high pitch; in regard to their whole compass from the lowest note, the
highest is not above five or six notes.

St. David's Tune. }
Martyrs Tune. } To Psalms of Praise and Thanksgiving.

"These two tunes are eight notes compass above the first note, and
therefore begin the first note low.

"Of five long tunes following:

"Hackney Tune--119 Psalm Tune, second metre. These two tunes begin your
first note low, for the compass is nine notes, and eight above the
first note of the tune.

"100 Psalm Tune. This one tune begin your note indifferent high, in
regard you are to fall your note lower than your first pitch note.

"113 Psalm Tune, and 148 Psalm Tune.--These two tunes begin your first
note low, in regard the