ence, on account of the porous nature of the charcoal and the insertion
of the pipes into the drains, quantities of water will be conducted
away, and the walks will thus be rendered perfectly dry and without
moisture.

8. Furthermore, our ancestors in establishing these works provided
cities with storehouses for an indispensable material. The fact is that
in sieges everything else is easier to procure than is wood. Salt can
easily be brought in beforehand; corn can be got together quickly by the
State or by individuals, and if it gives out, the defence may be
maintained on cabbage, meat, or beans; water can be had by digging
wells, or when there are sudden falls of rain, by collecting it from the
tiles. But a stock of wood, which is absolutely necessary for cooking
food, is a difficult and troublesome thing to provide; for it is slow to
gather and a good deal is consumed.

9. On such occasions, therefore, these walks are thrown open, and a
definite allowance granted to each inhabitant according to tribes. Thus
these uncovered walks insure two excellent things: first, health in time
of peace; secondly, safety in time of war. Hence, walks that are
developed on these principles, and built not only behind the "scaena"
of theatres, but also at the temples of all the gods, will be capable of
being of great use to cities.

[Illustration: _Photo. Brooklyn Institute_

THE TEPIDARIUM OF THE STABIAN BATHS AT POMPEII]

[Illustration: _Photo. Brooklyn Institute_

APODYTERIUM FOR WOMEN IN THE STABIAN BATHS AT POMPEII]

As it appears that we have given an adequate account of them, next will
follow descriptions of the arrangements of baths.

CHAPTER X

BATHS

1. In the first place, the warmest possible situation must be selected;
that is, one which faces away from the north and northeast. The rooms
for the hot and tepid baths should be lighted from the southwest, or, if
the nature of the situation prevents this, at all events from the south,
because the set time for bathing is principally from midday to evening.
We must also see to it that the hot bath rooms in the women's and men's
departments adjoin each other, and are situated in the same quarter; for
thus it will be possible that the same furnace should serve both of them
and their fittings. Three bronze cauldrons are to be set over the
furnace, one for hot, another for tepid, and the third for cold water,
placed in such positions that the amount of water which