European states, but in which the United States is vitally
interested. The other group of problems relates to the restoration of
our people and industries to a peace condition. On some points these two
groups of problems are closely related and cannot be settled separately.
Some internal questions will have to be viewed in the light of world
affairs; and some international problems must be given solutions which
will have influences within our own country. Ignoring the overlapping of
the two groups, we shall study the problems of peace in this chapter
under two headings: (1) national problems; (2) international problems.

I. NATIONAL PROBLEMS

Among the many internal problems which the country will face at the
close of the war, and to which every American should to-day be giving
his earnest thought, the following are specially important.

GETTING THE MEN HOME.--Even while engaged in the task of getting every
available man to the fighting line in Europe, the American authorities
have found time to think of the return movement. It will be a great
undertaking, requiring many months, to see that each man reaches
American shores and after his dismissal is safely sent to his home town.

THE CARE OF THE WOUNDED.--During the war the greatest pains have been
taken by the medical officers of the army, and by the Red Cross agents,
to bring immediate relief to the brave wounded men, and to nurse them
back to health. But many of them will have sacrificed an eye or a limb,
or will have received wounds which will prevent their engaging in their
previous occupations. It is the high duty of the nation to save such men
from a life of pain or of enforced idleness. It should not permit them
to subsist by charity, or even pensions. The wounded man, crippled for
life in his nation's service, will be educated in a vocation which will
occupy his mind, make him independent, and render him a respected and
self-respecting member of his community. This great educational work has
already been started, courses of study have been put into operation, and
positions in various industrial plants have been guaranteed to the men
after the training is completed. The nation will perform its whole duty
to its heroes.

THE RECONSTRUCTION OF INDUSTRY.--The war has called into existence
great plants for the manufacture of the specialties needed in warfare.
Such factories must, after the close of the war, be made over and set
to the task of creating goods f