is noticeable that all the
companies which have been proposed in Portugal have this put prominently
in the preamble, "and for the abolition of the inhuman slave-trade."
This shows either that the statesmen in Portugal are enlightened and
philanthropic, or it may be meant as a trap for English capitalists; I
incline to believe the former. If the Portuguese really wish to develop
the resources of the rich country beyond their possessions, they
ought to invite the co-operation of other nations on equal terms with
themselves. Let the pathway into the interior be free to all; and,
instead of wretched forts, with scarcely an acre of land around them
which can be called their own, let real colonies be made. If, instead of
military establishments, we had civil ones, and saw emigrants going out
with their wives, plows, and seeds, rather than military convicts with
bugles and kettle-drums, we might hope for a return of prosperity to
Eastern Africa.

The village of Senna stands on the right bank of the Zambesi. There are
many reedy islands in front of it, and there is much bush in the country
adjacent. The soil is fertile, but the village, being in a state of
ruin, and having several pools of stagnant water, is very unhealthy. The
bottom rock is the akose of Brongniart, or granitic grit, and several
conical hills of trap have burst through it. One standing about half a
mile west of the village is called Baramuana, which has another behind
it; hence the name, which means "carry a child on the back". It is 300
or 400 feet high, and on the top lie two dismounted cannon, which were
used to frighten away the Landeens, who, in one attack upon Senna,
killed 150 of the inhabitants. The prospect from Baramuana is very fine;
below, on the eastward, lies the Zambesi, with the village of Senna; and
some twenty or thirty miles beyond stands the lofty mountain Morumbala,
probably 3000 or 4000 feet high. It is of an oblong shape, and from its
physiognomy, which can be distinctly seen when the sun is in the west,
is evidently igneous. On the northern end there is a hot sulphurous
fountain, which my Portuguese friends refused to allow me to visit,
because the mountain is well peopled, and the mountaineers are
at present not friendly with the Portuguese. They have plenty of
garden-ground and running water on its summit. My friends at Senna
declined the responsibility of taking me into danger. To the north of
Morumbala we have a fine view of the mou