tool
from the headstock, which is caused to feed outward as the carriage
advances by a taper attachment. This tool is held in a special holder
and bears against a templet at the rear, which is tapered to correspond
with the taper to be turned. This templet is attached to a bar which, in
turn, is fastened to a stationary bracket seen to the extreme left in
Fig. 33. This part is finished in two operations, the tool setting being
identical for each operation, except for diameter adjustments. As the
illustrations show, three of the four tools employed are used for
straight turning on different diameters, while the fourth finishes the
taper.

These pieces, which are rough drop forgings, are first reduced to the
approximate size. When it becomes necessary to grind the tools, they are
reset and those parts which have been roughed out are turned to the
finished size. The average time for the first operation, which includes
starting, stopping, turning and replacing the piece, is one minute,
while for the second operation with the finer feed, an average time of
two minutes is required. The work is driven by sleeve _S_, which fits
over the spindle and is held in position by the regular driver, as
shown. This sleeve is notched to fit the knuckle, so that the latter can
easily and quickly be replaced when finished.

One of the interesting features of this job lies in the method of
locating the shoulders on each knuckle, at the same distance from the
hole _H_ which is drilled previously, and which receives the bolt on
which the knuckle swivels when assembled in a car. As soon as the
knuckle has been placed between the centers, a close-fitting plug _P_
(Fig. 33) is inserted in this hole and the indicator arm with its
attached gage or caliper _G_ is swung up to the position shown. The
stop-rod on which the stops have been previously set for the correct
distance between the shoulders is next adjusted axially until the gage
_G_ just touches the plug _P_. The indicator is then swung out of the
way, and the piece turned. If the next knuckle were centered, say,
deeper than the previous one which would, of course, cause it to be
located nearer the headstock, obviously all the shoulders would be
located farther from the finished hole, provided the position of the
stops remained the same as before. In such a case their position would,
however, be changed by shifting the stop-rod until the gage _G_ again
touched the plug thus locating all th