xisting constitution with the Constitutional Proclamation in
December 1969; in March 1977, Libya adopted the Declaration of the
Establishment of the People's Authority
Liechtenstein
5 October 1921
Lithuania
adopted 25 October 1992
Luxembourg
17 October 1868; occasional revisions
Macau
Basic Law, approved in March 1993 by China's National People's
Congress, is Macau's "mini-constitution"
Macedonia
adopted 17 November 1991, effective 20 November 1991;
amended November 2001 by a series of new constitutional amendments
strengthening minority rights and in 2005 with amendments related to
the judiciary
Madagascar
19 August 1992 by national referendum
Malawi
18 May 1994
Malaysia
31 August 1957; amended 16 September 1963
Maldives
adopted 1 January 1998
Mali
adopted 12 January 1992
Malta
1964 constitution; amended many times
Marshall Islands
1 May 1979
Mauritania
12 July 1991
Mauritius
12 March 1968; amended 12 March 1992
Mayotte
4 October 1958 (French Constitution)
Mexico
5 February 1917
Micronesia, Federated States of
10 May 1979
Moldova
new constitution adopted 29 July 1994, effective 27 August
1994; replaced old Soviet constitution of 1979
Monaco
17 December 1962
Mongolia
12 February 1992
Montenegro
12 October 1992 (was approved by the Assembly); note -
Montenegro is currently writing a new constitution set to be
presented to Parliament in spring 2007
Montserrat
effective 19 December 1989
Morocco
10 March 1972; revised 4 September 1992, amended (to create
bicameral legislature) September 1996
Mozambique
30 November 1990
Namibia
ratified 9 February 1990, effective 12 March 1990
Nauru
29 January 1968; amended 17 May 1968 (Constitution Day)
Nepal
9 November 1990; the government began working on an interim
constitution in May 2006
Netherlands
adopted 1815; amended many times, most recently in 2002
Netherlands Antilles
29 December 1954, Statute of the Realm of the
Netherlands, as amended
New Caledonia
4 October 1958 (French Constitution)
New Zealand
consists of a series of legal documents, including
certain acts of the UK and New Zealand Parliaments, as well as The
Constitution Act 1986, which is the principal formal charter;
adopted 1 January 1987, effective 1 January 1987
Nicaragua
9 January 1987; reforms in 1995 and 2000
Niger
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