Current account balance:
$105.3 billion (2006 est.)

Exports:
$317.6 billion (2006 est.)

Exports - commodities:
petroleum and petroleum products, natural gas, wood and wood
products, metals, chemicals, and a wide variety of civilian and
military manufactures

Exports - partners:
Netherlands 10.3%, Germany 8.3%, Italy 7.9%, China 5.5%, Ukraine
5.2%, Turkey 4.5%, Switzerland 4.4% (2005)

Imports:
$171.5 billion (2006 est.)

Imports - commodities:
machinery and equipment, consumer goods, medicines, meat, sugar,
semifinished metal products

Imports - partners:
Germany 13.6%, Ukraine 8%, China 7.4%, Japan 6%, Belarus 4.7%, US
4.7%, Italy 4.6%, South Korea 4.1% (2005)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
$314.5 billion (2006 est.)

Debt - external:
$287.4 billion (30 June 2006 est.)

Economic aid - recipient:
in FY01 from US, $979 million (including $750 million in
non-proliferation subsidies); in 2001 from EU, $200 million (2000
est.)

Currency (code):
Russian ruble (RUR)

Currency code:
RUR

Exchange rates:
Russian rubles per US dollar - 27.5 (2006), 28.284 (2005), 28.814
(2004), 30.692 (2003), 31.349 (2002)

Fiscal year:
calendar year

Communications Russia

Telephones - main lines in use:
40.1 million (2005)

Telephones - mobile cellular:
120 million (2005)

Telephone system:
general assessment: the telephone system is experiencing
significant changes; there are more than 1,000 companies licensed to
offer communication services; access to digital lines has improved,
particularly in urban centers; Internet and e-mail services are
improving; Russia has made progress toward building the
telecommunications infrastructure necessary for a market economy;
the estimated number of mobile subscribers jumped from fewer than 1
million in 1998 to 120 million in 2005; a large demand for main line
service remains unsatisfied, but fixed-line operators continue to
grow their services
domestic: cross-country digital trunk lines run from Saint
Petersburg to Khabarovsk, and from Moscow to Novorossiysk; the
telephone systems in 60 regional capitals have modern digital
infrastructures; cellular services, both analog and digital, are
available in many areas; in rural areas, the telephone services are
still outdated, inadequate, and low density
international: country code - 7; Russia is connected internationally
by thr