of March, or
on the 19th April, the same result as was before found from the tables.
The principal church feasts depending on Easter, and the times of their
celebration are as follows:--
Septuagesima Sunday } { 9 weeks }
First Sunday in Lent } is { 6 weeks } before Easter.
Ash Wednesday } { 46 days }
Rogation Sunday { 5 weeks }
Ascension day or Holy Thursday } { 39 days }
Pentecost or Whitsunday } is { 7 weeks } after Easter.
Trinity Sunday } { 8 weeks }
The Gregorian calendar was introduced into Spain, Portugal and part of
Italy the same day as at Rome. In France it was received in the same year
in the month of December, and by the Catholic states of Germany the year
following. In the Protestant states of Germany the Julian calendar was
adhered to till the year 1700, when it was decreed by the diet of
Regensburg that the new style and the Gregorian correction of the
intercalation should be adopted. Instead, however, of employing the golden
numbers and epacts for the determination of Easter and the movable feasts,
it was resolved that the equinox and the paschal moon should be found by
astronomical computation from the Rudolphine tables. But this method,
though at first view it may appear more accurate, was soon found to be
attended with numerous inconveniences, and was at length in 1774 abandoned
at the instance of Frederick II., king of Prussia. In Denmark and Sweden
the reformed calendar was received about the same time as in the Protestant
states of Germany. It is remarkable that Russia still adheres to the Julian
reckoning.
In Great Britain the alteration of the style was for a long time
successfully opposed by popular prejudice. The inconvenience, however, of
using a different date from that employed by the greater part of Europe in
matters of history and chronology began to be generally felt; and at length
the Calendar (New [v.04 p.1000] Style) Act 1750 was passed for the adoption
of the new style in all public and legal transactions. The difference of
the two styles, which then amounted to eleven days, was removed by ordering
the day following the 2nd of September of the year 1752 to be accounted the
14th of that month; and in order to preserve uniformity in future, the
Gregorian rule of intercalation respecting the secular years was adopted.
At the same time, the commencement of the legal
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