troduced an arrow to show the direction of the wind
as viewed by Nelson; the arrow flying _with_ the wind.

[127] Formerly Mr. Addington, who was at the head of the Government during
the Copenhagen expedition.

[128] This was a mistake on Nelson's part. Rodney's fleet actually, though
accidentally, broke through De Grasse's order in two (if not three) places.

[129] A desert group of small islands between Madeira and the Canaries.

[130] The author is indebted for this reminiscence to Mr. Stuart J. Reid,
who received it from Pasco's son, also an officer in the Navy.

[131] Besides three of the battles associated with Nelson's name--St.
Vincent, the Nile, and Trafalgar--Berry as a midshipman had been in the
five fleet actions between Suffren and Hughes, in the East Indies, in 1782
and 1783. ("The Nelson Memorial," by John Knox Laughton, pp. 83, 284.)

CHAPTER XXIII.

TRAFALGAR.--THE DEATH OF NELSON.

OCTOBER 19-21, 1805. AGE, 47.

Contrary to the general policy that for many years had governed the
naval undertakings of France and Spain, the combined fleets put to sea
on the 19th of October, 1805, with the fixed purpose of daring the
hazard of battle, which they could scarcely expect to avoid. They
numbered thirty-three ships-of-the-line, eighteen French and fifteen
Spanish, and were accompanied by five frigates and two brigs, all of
which were French. This great force in its aggregate was one. There
were not two separate entities, a French fleet and a Spanish fleet,
acting in concert, as is often the case in alliances. Whatever the
administrative arrangements, for cruising and for battle the vessels
of the two nations were blended in a single mass, at the head of which
was the French admiral, just as the general direction of the naval
campaign was in the hands of the French Emperor alone. The
commander-in-chief was Vice-Admiral Villeneuve, the same that Nelson
recently had pursued to the West Indies and back to Europe. The
commander of the Spanish contingent, Vice-Admiral Gravina, was less
his colleague than his subordinate. There were also flying in the
combined fleet the flags of four junior admirals, two French and two
Spanish, and the broad pendants of several commodores.

In the allied force there were four three-decked ships, of from one
hundred to one hundred and thirty guns, all Spanish, of which one,
the "Santisima Trinidad," was the largest vessel then afloat. Among
Nelson's twenty-seven ther