n the early part
of the last century, Mlle. Broes, a native of Amsterdam, won an enviable
position as a pianist, and composed a number of pieces for her
instrument, including dances, rondos, and variations. In the next
generation, Madeleine Graever, of the same place, pursued a similar
career. She made many successful tours in the usual European countries,
and spent a year in New York at the beginning of the Civil War. On her
return from this country, she became court pianist to the Queen of
Belgium. Her works include several display pieces for piano. The
Baroness van der Lund has also published a number of piano works.

Among the contemporary composers, one of the best is Catherine van
Rennes. Her work consists chiefly of songs, a form in which she is
eminently successful. Among those she has published are a set of five
two-part songs, entitled "Lentetever," a collection of six two-part
songs for children, and a set of solos for the same performers under the
title of "Jong Holland." She shows a mastery of style, and an ability to
get just the effect that she wishes. Her works are attractive and
singable without ever becoming overswollen or bombastic.

Cornelia van Osterzee has won her way to the highest position by her
work in the larger forms. Among her best productions are two symphonic
poems from the "Idyls of the King," entitled "Elaine's Death" and
"Geraint's Bridal Journey." These were performed with great success at
one of the recent Berlin Philharmonic Concerts. Her cantatas show
unusual breadth of style, and their largeness of spirit wins them great
favour. Mlle. Osterzee has been honoured for her work by receiving the
decoration of the Order of Orange-Nassau.

Hendrika van Tussenbroek is another composer who devotes herself chiefly
to songs. Like Mlle. van Rennes, she is a native of Utrecht. Her works
include many songs and vocal duets, of which "Meidoorn," a collection of
children's songs, deserves especial mention. She wrote the words and
music for a child's operetta, "Three Little Lute Players," which was
performed three times and aroused much enthusiasm.

In Belgium, the Countess de Lannoy won her laurels in the eighteenth
century. Her work took the form of ballads and romances, and she wrote
also a sonata and a number of other instrumental pieces. Among the
Belgian musical women of to-day, Juliette Folville stands in the front
rank. Born as late as 1870, at Liege, she became an excellent violinist
as