ing to the railways centering
in Chicago, the striking employees prevented the free movement of
the trains. Mr. Altgeld, then governor of Illinois, did not provide
against these abuses, and President Cleveland ordered the United
States troops under General Miles to suppress the rioting. The
President, who was severely criticized by Mr. Altgeld, justified
his sending the troops on the following grounds: (1) that the
processes of the Federal courts could not be executed; (2) that the
transportation of the United States mails was obstructed; and (3)
that the laws on interstate commerce were not enforced.

The United States Supreme Court took the same position as President
Cleveland in a case which grew out of these riots. Mr. Justice
Brewer, in delivering the opinion of the court, said: "We hold that
the government of the United States is one having jurisdiction over
every foot of soil within its territory and acting directly upon
each citizen; that, while it is a government of enumerated powers,
it has within the limits of those powers all the attributes of
sovereignty; that to it is committed power over interstate commerce
and the transmission of the mails, and that these powers have been
assumed and put into practical exercise by the legislation of
Congress."

SUPPLEMENTARY QUESTIONS AND REFERENCES.

1. What have been some of the most important treaties entered into on
the part of the United States?

2. For the treaty made at the close of the Spanish-American War, see
Rev. of R's, 18: 258, 371, 515, 631; 19: 11, 261, 262, 266, 267.

3. In what ways may a treaty be abrogated? Harrison, This Country of
Ours, 140, 141.

4. May a President have many of the privileges of private life?
Harrison, This Country of Ours, 177-180.

5. What are some of the official cares of the President? Harrison, This
Country of Ours, 162-177.

6. The overworked President. McClure's Mag., 28: 483-492; Rev. of R's,
25: 464-466.

7. Secure a copy of the last report of the Civil Service Commission, and
also Manual of Examinations for the Classified Service of the United
States, and look up the following:--

_a_. How many persons are included in the civil service of the United
States?

_b_. What proportion of them is included in the classified service?

_c_. Does the law of 1883 seem to have brought about satisfactory
results?

_d_.