omen now have suffrage through a referendum. It was not
submitted in Wyoming, Utah or Illinois. Yet New York suffragists
did not win because the opponents outvoted them. How did this
happen? Why did not such evidence of a demand win the vote?
Because the unscrupulous men of the State worked and voted
against woman suffrage, aided and abetted by the weakminded and
illiterate, who are permitted a vote in New York. In Rochester
the male inmates of the almshouse and rescue home were taken out
to vote against the amendment. Men too drunk to sign their own
names voted all over the State, for drunkards may vote in New
York. In many of the polling places the women watchers reported
that throughout the entire day not one came to vote who did not
have to be assisted; they did not know enough to cast their own
vote.

Those are some of the conditions women must overcome in a
referendum. One can eventually be carried even in New York but we
believe we have made all the sacrifices which a just Government
ought to expect of us. Even the Federal Amendment is difficult
enough, with the ratification of 36 Legislatures required, but we
may at least appeal to a higher class of men. We were obliged to
make our campaign in twenty-four different languages.... It is
too unfair and humiliating treatment of American women to compel
us to appeal to the men of all nations of the earth for the vote
which has been so freely and cheaply given to them. We believe we
ought to have the benefit of the method provided by the Federal
Constitution.

APPENDIX TO CHAPTER XVII.

HEADQUARTERS OF THE NATIONAL AMERICAN WOMAN SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION.

During the early years of the movement for woman suffrage the
headquarters were in the home of Miss Susan B. Anthony, in Rochester,
N. Y. In 1890 her strong desire to have a center for work and social
features in Washington was fulfilled by the National Association's
renting two large rooms in the club house of Wimodaughsis, a newly
formed stock company of women for having classes and lectures on art,
science, literature and domestic and political economy, with Dr. Anna
Howard Shaw president. It did not prove to be permanent, however, and
in two years the association had to give up the rooms and the work
went back to Rochester, where much of it had continued to be done.

In October, 1895,