Scottish school
inspector removed a picture of Behemoth, as a fabulous animal, from the
wall of a school room. But, not being sure of the natural history of the
unicorn, 'he just let him bide, and gave the puir beast the benefit o'
the doubt.'

Will Mr. Frazer give the Arcadian bear 'the benefit of the doubt'?

I am not at all bigoted in the opinion that the Greeks may have once been
totemists. The strongest presumption in favour of the hypothesis is the
many claims of descent from a god disguised as a beast. But the
institution, if ever it did exist among the ancestors of the Greeks, had
died out very long before Homer. We cannot expect to find traces of the
prohibition to marry a woman of the same totem. In Rome we do find
traces of exogamy, as among totemists. 'Formerly they did not marry
women connected with them by blood.' {88a} But we do not find, and would
not expect to find, that the 'blood' was indicated by the common totem.

Mr. Frazer on Origin of Totemism

Mr. Frazer has introduced the term 'sex-totems,' in application to
Australia. This is connected with his theory of the Origin of Totemism.
I cannot quite approve of the term sex-totems.

If in Australia each sex has a protecting animal--the men a bat, the
women an owl--if the slaying of a bat by a woman menaces the death of a
man, if the slaying of an owl by a woman may cause the decease of a man,
all that is very unlike totemism in other countries. Therefore, I ask
Mr. Frazer whether, in the interests of definite terminology, he had not
better give some other name than 'totem' to his Australian sex protecting
animals? He might take for a _local_ fact, a _local_ name, and say 'Sex-
kobong.'

Once more, for even we anthropologists have our bickerings, I would
'hesitate dislike' of this passage in Mr. Frazer's work: {88b}

'When a savage _names himself_ after an animal, calls it his brother, and
refuses to kill it, the animal is said to be his totem.' Distinguo! A
savage does not name _himself_ after his totem, any more than Mr. Frazer
named himself by his clan-name, originally Norman. It was not as when
Miss Betty Amory named herself 'Blanche,' by her own will and fantasy. A
savage _inherits_ his totem name, usually through the mother's side. The
special animal which protects an individual savage (Zapotec, tona;
Guatemalan, nagual; North America, Manitou, 'medicine') is _not_ that
savage's totem. {89a} The nagual, tona, or mani