emeanour.

It is a misdemeanour to give to a woman any drug so as to stupefy her,
and so enable any person to have unlawful connection with her.

False charges of rape are very often made. The motive may be to extort
blackmail, revenge, or mere delusion. On examining such cases bruises
are seldom found, but scratches which the woman has made on the front of
her body may be discovered, and the local injuries to the generative
organs are slight, if present at all.

_Physical Signs._--In the adult the hymen may be ruptured, the
fourchette lacerated, and blood found on the parts, together with
scratches and other marks and signs of a struggle. In the child there
may be no haemorrhage, but there will be indications of bruising on the
external organs, with probably considerable laceration of the hymen, the
laceration in some cases extending into the rectum. Severe haemorrhage,
and even death, may follow the rape of a young child. The patient will
have difficulty in walking, and in passing water and faeces. After some
hours the parts are very tender and swollen, and a sticky
greenish-yellow discharge is present. These signs last longer in
children than in adults; but as a rule--in the adult, at least--all
signs of rape disappear in three or four days. Young and delicate
children may suffer from a vaginal discharge, with swelling of the
external genitals, simulating an attempt at rape. Infantile leucorrhoea
is common, and many innocent people have been exposed to danger from
false charges of rape on children, instituted as a means of levying
blackmail. A knowledge of these facts suggests the necessity of giving a
guarded opinion when children are brought for examination in suspected
cases. Pregnancy may follow rape.

_Seminal stains_ render the clothing stiff and greyish-yellow in colour,
with translucent edges. On being moistened they give the characteristic
seminal odour.

Semen may be found on the linen of the woman and man, and will be
recognized under the microscope by the presence in it of spermatozoa,
minute filamentary bodies with a pear-shaped head; but it must not be
forgotten that the non-detection of spermatozoa is no proof of absence
of sexual intercourse, for these bodies are not always present in the
semen of even healthy adult young men. Spermatozoa must not be mistaken
for the _Trichomonas vaginae_ found in the vaginae of some women. The
latter have cilia surrounding the head, which is globular.

_Flor