tomach-pump and emetics, carbonate of sodium, amylaceous
fluids, gruel, arrowroot, starch, etc.

_Analysis of Organic Mixture containing Iodine._--Add bisulphide of
carbon, and shake. The iodine may be obtained on evaporation as a
sublimate. It will be recognized by the blue colour which it gives with
starch.

=Iodide of Potassium.=--Colourless, generally opaque, cubic crystals,
soluble in less than their weight of cold water.

_Symptoms._--Not an active poison, but even small doses sometimes
produce the effects of a common cold, including those symptoms already
mentioned as occurring with iodine.

_Analysis._--Iodide of potassium in solution gives a bright yellow
precipitate with lead salts; a bright scarlet with corrosive sublimate;
and a blue colour with sulphuric or nitric acid and starch.

XX.--PHOSPHORUS

=Phosphorus= is usually found in small, waxy-looking cylinders, which
are kept in water to prevent oxidation. It may also occur as the
amorphous non-poisonous variety, a red opaque infusible substance,
insoluble in carbon disulphide. Ordinary phosphorus is soluble in oil,
alcohol, ether, chloroform, and carbon disulphide; insoluble in water.
It is much used in rat poisons, made into a paste with flour, sugar,
fat, and Prussian blue. Yellow phosphorus is not allowed to be used in
the manufacture of lucifer matches, and the importation of such is
prohibited. In 'safety' matches the amorphous phosphorus is on the box.

_Symptoms._--At first those of an irritant poison, but days may elapse
before any characteristic symptoms appear, and these may be mistaken for
those of acute yellow atrophy of the liver. The earliest signs are a
garlicky taste in the mouth and pain in the throat and stomach. Vomited
matter luminous in the dark, bile-stained or bloody, with garlic-like
odour. Great prostration, diarrhoea, with bloody stools. Harsh, dry,
yellow skin, purpuric spots with ecchymoses under the skin and mucous
membranes, retention or suppression of urine, delirium, convulsions,
coma, and death. Usually there are remissions for two to three days,
then jaundice comes on, with enlargement of the liver; haemorrhages from
the mucous surfaces and under the skin; later, coma and convulsions. In
chronic cases there is fatty degeneration of most of the organs and
tissues of the body. The inhalation of the fumes of phosphorus, as in
making vermin-killers, etc., gives rise to 'phossy-jaw.'

_Post-Mortem Appearances._