f both nations,
and of those things which concern the traffic.

"11. Although it be prohibited by the former articles of this league
and friendship, that neither of the confederates shall give aid or
assistance to the enemies of the other, nevertheless it is no way to
be understood that it is denied to the confederate and his subjects
and people who is not in war to have commerce and navigation with the
enemies of that confederate who is in war: provided only in the
meantime, until it may be more fully agreed upon, all laws hereunto
pertaining, that none of those commodities called contraband (of
which a special designation or catalogue shall be agreed upon within
four months from this time) shall be carried to the enemies of
either, upon peril that if they be found out by the other
confederate, they shall be taken as prize without hope of
restitution.

"12. But lest this free navigation or passage by land or sea with
other nations, of the one confederate, his subjects, or people,
during the war of the other confederate, should be a deceit to the
other confederate, and may conceal commodities and hostile goods by
deceit, pretending the name of a friend, for that reason, to remove
suspicion and fraud, it is thought fit that the ships, waggons,
merchandises, and men belonging to one of the confederates, in their
journeys and navigations shall be armed with letters of safe-conduct,
commonly called passports and certificates, which shall be signed by
the chief governor or magistrate of the province or city from whence
they come, and in all them those forms to be observed which shall be
agreed upon within the space of four months next ensuing; but where
the merchandises, goods, shipping, and men of one of the
confederates, or of his subjects or people, in the open sea, straits,
ports, stations, lands, and places whatsoever, shall be met with by
the ships of war, public or private, or by the men, subjects, and
people of the other confederate, or by any means shall be in one
place together, then exhibiting only their letters of safe-conduct
and certificates, nothing shall be further required of them, nor
inquired of them, nor inquiry made as to their goods, shipping, or
men any further, much less shall any injury, damage, or trouble be
offered to them, but, as is before signified, they shall be freely
dismissed to p