must force each rebel city to accept the rule of its rabble and
villains.

It matters little whether the Jacobins be a minority, whether at
Bordeaux, they have but four out of twenty-eight sections on their side,
at Marseilles five out of thirty-two, whether at Lyons they can count
up only fifteen hundred devoted adherents.[1183] Suffrages are not
reckoned, but weighed, for legality is founded, not on numbers, but on
patriotism, the sovereign people being composed wholly of sans-culottes.
So much the worse for towns where the anti-revolutionary majority is so
great; they are only more dangerous; under the republican demonstrations
is concealed the hostility of old parties and of the "suspect" classes,
the Moderates, the Feuillants and Royalists, merchants, men of the legal
profession, property-owners and muscadins.[1184] These towns are nests
of reptiles and must be crushed out.

IX. Destruction of Rebel Cities

Bordeaux.--Marseilles.--Lyons.---Toulon.

Consequently, obedient or disobedient, they are crushed out. They
are declared traitors to the country, not merely the members of the
departmental committees, but, at Bordeaux, all who have "aided or
abetted the Committee of Public Safety;" at Lyons, all administrators,
functionaries, military or civil officers who "convoked or tolerated the
Rhone-et-Loire congress," and furthermore, "every individual whose son,
clerk, servant, or even day-laborer, may have borne arms or contributed
the means of resistance," that is to say, the entire National Guard
who took up arms, and nearly all the population which gave its money
or voted in the sections.[1185]--By virtue of this decree, all are
"outlaws," or, in other words subject to the guillotine just on the
establishment of their identity, and their property confiscated.
Consequently, at Bordeaux, where not a gun had been fired, the mayor
Saige, and principal author of the submission, is at once led to the
scaffold without any form of trial,[1186] while eight hundred and
eighty-one others succeed him amidst the solemn silence of a dismayed
population.[1187] Two hundred prominent merchants are arrested in one
night; more than fifteen hundred persons are imprisoned; all who are
well off are ransomed, even those against who no political charge could
be made; nine millions of fines are levied against "rich egoists." One
of these,[1188] accused of "indifference and moderatism," pays twenty
thousand francs "not to be h