formerly more widespread in
the Wakarusa Basin, have been taken recently only in Rock Creek.

Faunal changes that have occurred in the basin in the past 60 years
indicate a decrease in extent of clear, continuously flowing
stream-habitat.

_Comparisons with Faunas of Nearby Streams_

Minckley (1959) reported 13 species from the Big Blue River Basin that
were not taken in our survey of the Wakarusa. Most of the 13 are fishes
that probably occur throughout the lower mainstream of the Kansas River
and might enter the lower Wakarusa occasionally. _Chrosomus
erythrogaster_ and _Notropis rubellus_ were reported by Minckley but
have not been found in the Kansas River Basin east of the Flint Hills,
either in recent or in early collections. On the other hand, five
species have been reported from the Wakarusa but not from the Big Blue
River. Two of these, _Notemigonus crysoleucas_ and _Chaenobryttus
gulosus_, may have been introduced by man. The remaining three,
_Hybopsis biguttata_, _Noturus exilis_ and _Percina caprodes_, have not
been taken farther west than Mill Creek, Wabaunsee County. In general
the faunas of the two systems are similar; forty species are common to
both.

Comparison of the faunal list reported from the Cottonwood River
drainage (Arkansas River System) by Cross (1954) with that here
reported reveals 26 species in common, 19 found only in the Wakarusa
and 15 species found only in the Cottonwood.

_Acknowledgments_

We thank Dr. Frank Cross, Mr. Bernard Nelson and Mr. Wendell
Minckley for their suggestions and data, and Mrs. James E. Deacon
for assistance in preparation of the manuscript. We are grateful
also to landowners in the Wakarusa Basin for permitting us to
collect on their properties, to Mr. Melvon H. Wertzberger for
varied assistance, and to The Kansas Forestry, Fish and Game
Commission for financial assistance to one of us. The Kansas State
Board of Health and the Water Resources Board supplied pertinent
information.

_Literature Cited_

CROSS, F. B.

1954. Fishes of Cedar Creek and the South Fork of the Cottonwood River,
Chase County, Kansas. Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci. 57:303-314.

DUFFORD, A. E.

1958. Quaternary geology and ground water resources of Kansas River
Valley between Bonner Springs and Lawrence, Kansas. Kansas Geol. Surv.
Bull. 130, Part 1, pp. 1-96.

FRANZEN, D. S., and LEONARD, A. B.

1943. The Mollusca of the Wakarusa River