how large a part of the cotton crop is raised
entirely by white men.

The description of what was said to be the "usual" type of
plantation house does not in my opinion apply to more than two
hundred or three hundred plantations in the South at the outside.
I have traveled very extensively in the South and have never seen
more than three or four such mansions. The testimony of Olmsted
and other writers is that ordinarily the slaveholder's house was
poor and that he lived in a very poor fashion. As for the twelve
sons and daughters in the planters' families, and the fifteen to
twenty-five children in the negro families, it is perfect gammon.
Not one family in a thousand had such numbers. None but a very
few of the richest planters lived in the profusion described on
page four. As for the enrolment in colleges between 1859 and
1860, and the incomes of the higher institutions, that is all
bosh. Francis Lieber was a German by birth, found his service in
South Carolina very uncongenial, and stood by the union. To
compare slavery to apprenticeship is an affront. The day's work
set down by Murat (whose history of the United States is a very
obscure work) is contrary to evidence North or South. Regular
nurseries were built only on a few large plantations. The
arguments in favor of slavery on pages nine and ten are stated
without qualification or contradiction. I deeply regret that a
Journal of Negro History should admit an article so full of
statements both untrue and dangerous to the Negro race.

The experience of a Georgia peon "seems to me very doubtful. I am
personally acquainted with the story of Dade's stockade, and have
passed within a few miles of it, and I do not believe in the
least that there is now, or has been in the past thirty years,
any plantation in the South where families are brought up in
servitude. The only Ponce-de-Leon spring that I know is in
Florida, which is not on the road between Georgia and
Mississippi. The man seems to think that Chattanooga is on the
west side of the river. It is a dangerous thing to accept any
such statement without thorough investigation and calling upon
the relater to state exactly where these things happened, and
what was his course of travel.

I should not venture to write so decidedly but