(4) By keeping the bodies of the family strong and healthy, so
that if bacteria gain an entrance they will be resisted and
overcome:
(_a_) Provide well-balanced, nutritious food.
(_b_) Supply suitable clothing to protect the
body.
(_c_) See that there is an abundant supply of
fresh air, night and day.

4. DISPOSAL OF WASTE IN VILLAGES AND RURAL DISTRICTS

(1) Burn all combustible material.

(2) Bury tins, broken dishes, etc.

(3) Feed refuse food to animals or empty it
into a pit dug for the purpose, and cover with
a layer of earth from time to time.

(4) Throw slop water at a distance from the
house and well, and plant stalky growths like
sunflowers, which absorb the waste.

5. METHODS OF DISINFECTING

Where bacterial disease is known to exist, the utmost care should be
taken to subject everything that has come in contact with the patient to
a process which will kill the disease-producing plants. Only two ways of
doing this are known:

(1) Subject the bacteria to extreme heat which
will kill them--
(_a_) Burn everything that can be burned.
(_b_) Boil bed and body linen.
(_c_) Scald dishes.
(_d_) Scald or bake utensils.

(2) Use chemicals to destroy the germs--
(_a_) Use chemical solutions to wash surfaces,
materials, or utensils.
(_b_) Seal the rooms and burn chemicals to
produce vapours which will destroy bacteria.

NOTE.--Directions for the use of chemicals are
given under the lesson on "Home Nursing".

HOME NURSING

This part of the work does not require a special equipment, though it is
an advantage to have one. An ingenious teacher, with the co-operation of
her pupils, will invent plans for providing whatever is necessary for
demonstration. Pupils living near the school can supply many of the
needed materials.

A doll and doll's bed may be used to teach bed making and the changing
of bed-clothing while the patient is in bed. The doll may also be used
to illustrate the method of giving a patient a bath in bed and of
changing the body clothing, if such information is desired.

In some cases, a manual training pupil might construct the bed, and the
sewing class the m