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llustration: FIG. 126 From a healthy potato, like the one in Fig. 124, this yield was obtained] [Illustration: FIG. 127. EFFECT OF SPRAYING Sprayed potatoes on left; unsprayed on right] One pint of formalin, or enough for thirty gallons of water, will cost but thirty-five cents. Since this solution can be used repeatedly, it will do for many bushels of seed potatoes. =Late Potato Blight.= The blight is another serious disease of the potato. This is quite a different disease from the scab and so requires different treatment. The blight is caused by another fungus, which attacks the foliage of the potato plant. When the blight seriously attacks a crop, it generally destroys the crop completely. In the year 1845 a potato famine extending over all the United States and Europe was caused by this disease. [Illustration: FIG. 128. YIELD FROM TWO FIELDS OF THE SAME SIZE The one at the top was sprayed; the one at the bottom was unsprayed] Spraying is the remedy for potato blight. Fig. 128 shows the effect of spraying upon the yield. In this case the sprayed field yielded three hundred and twenty-four bushels an acre, while the unsprayed yielded only one hundred bushels to an acre. Fig. 127 shows the result of three applications of the spraying mixture on the diseased field. Figs. 129 and 130 show how the spraying is done. [Illustration: FIG. 129. SPRAYING MACHINE] [Illustration: FIG. 130. SPRAYING MACHINE] =EXERCISE= Watch the potatoes at the next harvest and estimate the number that is damaged by scab. You will remember that formalin is the substance used to prevent grain smuts. Write to your state experiment station for a bulletin telling how to use formalin, as well as for information regarding other potato diseases. Give the treatment a fair trial in a portion of your field this year and watch carefully for results. Make an estimate of the cost of treatment and of the profits. How does the scab injure the value of the potato? The late blight can often be recognized by its odor. Did you ever smell it as you passed an affected field? [Illustration: FIG. 131. CLUB ROOT] =Club Root.= Club root is a disease of the cabbage, turnip, cauliflower, etc. Its general effect is shown in the illustration (Fig. 131). Sometimes this disease does great damage. It can be prevented by using from eighty to ninety bushels of lime to an acre. =Black Knot.= Black k
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