h much diffidence, though the pleasure of
collecting the materials and of putting them together has been very
great.

BROWN UNIVERSITY, PROVIDENCE, R. I.,
_October, 1901._

CONTENTS

CHAPTER PAGE

I. BIRTH, FAMILY, YOUTH, AND MILITARY CAREER 1

II. STUDENT LIFE AND BOTANICAL CAREER 15

III. LAMARCK'S SHARE IN THE REORGANIZATION OF THE
JARDIN DES PLANTES AND MUSEUM OF NATURAL
HISTORY 23

IV. PROFESSOR OF INVERTEBRATE ZOOeLOGY AT THE
MUSEUM 32

V. LAST DAYS AND DEATH 51

VI. POSITION IN THE HISTORY OF SCIENCE; OPINIONS
OF HIS CONTEMPORARIES AND SOME LATER
BIOLOGISTS 64

VII. LAMARCK'S WORK IN METEOROLOGY AND PHYSICAL
SCIENCE 79

VIII. LAMARCK'S WORK IN GEOLOGY 89

IX. LAMARCK THE FOUNDER OF INVERTEBRATE PALAEONTOLOGY 124

X. LAMARCK'S OPINIONS ON GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY AND
BIOLOGY 156

XI. LAMARCK AS A BOTANIST 173

XII. LAMARCK THE ZOOeLOGIST 180

XIII. THE EVOLUTIONARY VIEWS OF BUFFON AND OF
GEOFFROY ST. HILAIRE 198

XIV. THE VIEWS OF ERASMUS DARWIN 216

XV. WHEN DID LAMARCK CHANGE HIS VIEWS REGARDING THE 226
MUTABILITY OF SPECIES?

XVI. THE STEPS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF LAMARCK'S VIEWS ON 232
EVOLUTION BEFORE THE PUBLICATION OF HIS
"PHILOSOPHIE ZOOLOGIQUE"

XVII. THE "PHILOSOPHIE ZOOLOGIQUE" 279

XVIII. LAMARCK'S THEORY AS TO THE EVOLUTION OF MAN 357

XIX. LAMARCK'S THOUGHTS ON MORALS, AND ON THE RELATION 372
BETWEEN SCIENCE AND RELIGION

XX. THE RELATIONS BETWEEN LAMARCKISM AND DARWINISM; 382
NEOLAMARCKISM

BIBLIOGRAPHY 425

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

ATTEMPT AT A RECONSTRUCTION OF THE PROFILE OF