the trouble, and put an end to it by a complicated operation, of
which M. de Lamarck preserved deep scars. This treatment lasted for
a year, and, during this time, the extreme scantiness of his
resources confined him to a solitary life, when he had the leisure
to devote himself to meditations."

FOOTNOTES:

[1] In the little chapel next the church lies buried, we were told by
M. Duval, a Protestant of the family of de Guillebon, the purchaser
(_acquereur_) of the _chateau_. Whether the estate is now in the hands
of his heirs we did not ascertain.

[2] As stated by G. de Mortillet, the date of his birth is variously
given. Michaud's _Dictionnaire Biographique_ gives the date April 1;
other authors, April 11; others, the correct one, August 1, 1744.
(_Lamarck. Par un Groupe de Transformistes, ses Disciples._ _L'Homme_,
iv. p. 289, 1887.)

[3] "Sur la maison de Viella--les Mortiers-brevise et les Montalembert
en Gascogne--et sur le naturaliste Lamarck." Par Hippolyte Masson.
(_Revue de Gascogne_, xvii., pp. 141-143, 1876.)

[4] _Ibid._, p. 194.

[5] A small town in southwestern France, near Lourdes and Pau; it is
about eight miles north of Tarbes, in Gascony.

[6] _Revue de Gascogne_, pp. 264-269, 1876.

[7] The abbe attempts to answer the question as to what place gave
origin to the name of Lamarck, and says:

"The author of the history of Bearn considered the cradle of the race to
have been the freehold of Marca, parish of Gou (Basses-Pyrenees). A
branch of the family established in le Magnoac changed its name of Marca
to that of La Marque." It was M. d'Ossat who gave rise to this change by
addressing his letters to M. de Marca (at the time when he was preceptor
of his nephew), sometimes under the name of M. Marca, sometimes
_M. la Marqua_, or of _M. de la Marca_, but more often still under that
of _M. de la Marque_, "with the object, no doubt, of making him a
Frenchman" ("_dans la vue sans doute de le franciser_"). (_Vie du
Cardinal d'Ossat_, tome i., p. 319.)

"To recall their origin, the branch of Magnoac to-day write their name
_Marque-Marca_. If the Marca of the historian belongs to Bearn, the
Lamarque of the naturalist, an orthographic name in principle, proceeds
from Bigorre, actually chosen (_designee_) by _Lamarcq, Pontacq, or
Lamarque pres Bearn_. That the _Lamarque_ of the botanist of the royal
cabinet distinguished himself from all the _Lamarques_ of Bearn or of
Bigorre, which it bears