and produced in umbels
at the ends of the branches; the seeds, which ripen quite early in the
season, are of an oblong form, somewhat curved, furrowed, slightly
tapering towards the extremities, of a clear olive-brown color, and
pleasant, aromatic flavor and odor,--nearly eight thousand five hundred
seeds are contained in an ounce, and they retain their vitality three
years.

_Soil and Cultivation._--Caraway is one of the hardiest of plants, and
succeeds well in almost any soil or situation. In the coldest parts of
the United States, and even in the Canadas, it is naturalized to such an
extent about fields and mowing lands, as to be obtained in great
abundance for the mere labor of cutting up the plants as the ripening of
the seeds takes place.

When cultivated, the sowing may be made in April or May: but, if sown
just after ripening, the seeds not only vegetate with greater certainty,
but the plants often flower the ensuing season; thus saving a summer's
growth. Sow in drills twelve or fifteen inches apart, and cover half an
inch deep. When the plants are well up, thin to six or eight inches
apart, and keep the ground loose, and free from weeds. The seeds will
ripen in the July of the year after sowing. For other methods of
culture, see CORIANDER.

_Use._--It is principally cultivated for its seeds, which constitute an
article of some commercial importance; a large proportion, however, of
the consumption in this country being supplied by importation from
Europe. They are extensively employed by confectioners, and also for
distillation. They are also mixed in cake, and, by the Dutch, introduced
into cheese.

It is sometimes cultivated for its young leaves, which are used in soups
and salads; or as a pot-herb, like Parsley. The roots are boiled in the
manner of the Carrot or Parsnip, and by some preferred to these
vegetables; the flavor being considered pleasant and delicate.

There are no described varieties.

* * * * *

CLARY. _Loud._

Clary Sage. Salvia sclarea.

Clary is a hardy, biennial plant. It is indigenous to the south of
Europe, and has been cultivated in gardens for upwards of three
centuries. The radical leaves are large, rough, wrinkled,
oblong-heart-shaped, and toothed on the margin; stalk two feet high,
four-sided, clammy to the touch; flowers pale-blue, in loose, terminal
spikes; seeds round, brownish, and, like others of the family, produced
four together,--t