influence of pedantic tradition, and paved the way for modern
medical science. Then all honour to his name, for, as the Master
put it in proposing the vote of thanks to Mr. Paget, the art of
healing is the greatest boon which man can give to the world.
The last lecture he reported was delivered by Mr. F. M. Oldham, chief
Science Master at the College, on "Primitive Man," on 3rd April, 1914.
From this report the following extract is taken:
Our main knowledge of man in the earliest stages of his existence
comes from the examination of river mud. Mr. Oldham showed how
different strata are built up by the river on its bed, and how in
the lowest of these strata there will be found the oldest relics
of man. In this way we are able to declare that the difference
between the earliest man and his immediate followers lay in the
question of polishing his flint instruments. That is to say, the
earliest or palaeolithic man had his implements unpolished; his
successors polished them, often to a beautifully smooth surface.
This Mr. Oldham illustrated with a series of films--your pardon,
slides--of the arrow-heads made by palaeolithic and neolithic man.
It was a natural step, once man had learned to polish his
instruments, and when he was advanced enough to try to form
conceptions of beauty for himself, that he should draw or scratch
pictures on stone. Several of these Mr. Oldham showed on the
screen; some of them are extraordinarily well executed and show
real artistic feeling. We would particularly mention one such
representation of a reindeer, and another of a man stalking a
bison.
After the cave-dwellers' epoch comes that of huts, wood and
bronze. Man in this stage is really but little different from
what he is to-day. He has even the wit to construct himself
lake-dwellings, consisting of huts placed on rafts and secured
temporarily with large stones sunk in the lake-bed.
Characteristic of this period are the great tolmens and monoliths
found all over the world. Neolithic man had, indeed, sometimes
constructed for himself a hut of stone, as Dartmoor will testify,
but the tolmens are of quite different origin, and indicate a
distinctly greater mental development, in that they are usually
put up as monuments to great men or events. Of the same nature
are t
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