ods, for he could never
make his ideas act in the capacity of Providence.--The gods as creators of
mankind: _Timaeus_, p. 41_a_ foll.

P. 81. Xenocrates: the exposition of his doctrine given in the text is
based upon Heinze's _Xenokrates_ (Leipzig, 1892).

P. 83. Trial of Aristotle: Diog. Laert. v. 5; Athen. xv. p. 696.--The
writings of Aristotle that have come down to us are almost all of them
compositions for the use of his disciples, and were not accessible to the
general public during his lifetime.

P. 84. On the religious views of Aristotle see in general Zeller, ii. 2,
p. 787 (Engl. transl. ii. p. 325); where the references to his writings
are given in full. In the following I indicate only a few passages of
special interest.--Discussion of worship precluded: _Top._ A, xi. p.
105_a_, 5.--Aristotle's Will: _Diog_. Laert. v. 15.--The gods as determining
the limits of the human: _e.g._ _Nic. Eth._ K, viii. p. 1178b, 33: "(the
wise) will also be in need of outward prosperity, as he is (only) a
man."--Reservations in speaking of the gods, _e.g._ _Nic. Eth._ K, ix. p.
1179_a_, 13: "he who is active in accordance with reason ... must also be
supposed to be the most beloved of the gods; for if the gods trouble
themselves about human affairs--_and that they do so is generally taken for
granted_--it must be probable that they take pleasure in what is best and
most nearly related to themselves (_and that must be the reason_), and
that they reward those who love and honour this most highly," etc. The
passage is typical both of the hypothetical way of speaking, and of the
twist in the direction of Aristotle's own conception of the deity (whose
essence is reason); also of the Socratic manner of dealing with the gods.

P. 85. The passage quoted is from the _Metaphysics_, A viii. p. 1074_a_,
38. Comp. _Metaph._ B, ii. p. 997_b_, 8; iv. p. 1000_a_, 9.

P. 86. Theophrastus: Diog. Laert. v. 37.

P. 87. Strato: Diels, _Ueber das physikal. System des S., Sitzungsber. d.
Berl. Akad._, 1893, p. 101.--His god the same as nature: _Cic. de nat.
deor._ i. 35.

P. 89. On the history of Hellenistic religion, see Wendland, _Die
hellenistisch-roemische Kultur in ihren Beziehungen z. Judentum u.
Christentum_ (Tuebingen, 1907).

P. 90. The passage quoted is Polyb. vi. 56, 6.

P. 92. On the Tyche-Religion, see Naegelsbach, _Nachhom. Theologie_, p.
153; Lehrs, _Populaere Aufsaetze_, p. 153; Rohde, _Griech. Roman_, p. 267
(1st ed.); Wendla