d other
war material taken from the enemy. His governorship ended June 1,
1580.--_Pablo Pastells, S.J._

[54] A small island between Sangir and Tagolanda (_Vol_. XI, p. 297).

[55] Sommervogel only mentions two priests of this name in the missions
of India, but both of them were of later date.

[56] The supreme pontiff, Gregory XIII, erected the episcopal see
of Manila December 21, 1581, with the publication of the bull _Fulti
praesidio_. Clement VIII elevated it into a metropolitan church August
14, 1591, assigning to it as suffragan, the churches of Cebu, Nueva
Segovia, and Nueva Caceres. To these was added that of Santa Isabel
de Paro in 1865, and lastly those of Lipa, Tuguegaras, Capiz, and
Zamboanga, in virtue of the apostolic decree _Quae in mari sinico_,
given by Leo XIII at St. Peter's in Roma, September 17, 1902.--_Pablo
Pastells, S.J._

[57] "The balete tree (_Ficus Urostigima_--Sp.) corresponds to our
witch elm, and certainly at night has a most uncanny appearance. Each
of these great trees has its guardian spirit, or Ticbalan" (Sawyer,
_Inhabitants of Philippines_, pp. 214, 343). See also Blanco's _Flora_,
art. "Ficus." Chirino speaks of this tree as having no fruit; he must
have observed specimens which bore only sterile flowers.

[58] The _Erythrina_ (_indica_, Lam.; _carnea_, Bl.); see Blanco's
_Flora_, pp. 393, 394, and Delgado's _Historia_, pp. 429, 430, for
descriptions of this tree (named by them _dapdap_).

[59] _Anona_, of several species; one is commonly known as
"custard-apple," another as "sour-sop." The species _A. squamota_
(Tagal, _Ates_) is regarded as producing the best fruit.

[60] A species of wild hog, _Sus scropha_. In all the large islands
of the Asiatic archipelago may be found wild swine, of various
species. "The flesh of the hog must have formed a principal part of
the animal food of the nations and tribes of the archipelago before
the conversion to Mohammedanism. It did so with the people of the
Philippine Islands on the arrival of the Spaniards, and it does so
still with all the rude tribes, and even with the Hindoos of Bali
and Lomboc" (Crawfurd's _Dictionary_, pp. 152, 153). See Zuniga's
_Estadismo_ (Retana's ed.), ii, p. 438.*

[61] The Haraya is a Visayan dialect.

[62] That is, the most important things which happen to men in leaving
this world--death, judgment, heaven, and hell; this subject is also
included under the term "eschatology."

[63] They were Fathers